Untersuchungen über Osmo‐ und Elektrolytregulation bei Knochenfischen aus der Ostsee

Raschack, Manfred

doi:10.1002/iroh.19690540306

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1973

1992

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Cited by 10 publications

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Glycerol is a colligative antifreeze in some northern fishes

Raymond

1992

J. Exp. Zool.

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Many polar marine fishes produce macromolecular antifreezes that act in a noncolligative way to prevent freezing. In this report, a new type of freezing avoidance is described in which the rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax dentex, in addition to producing a macromolecular antifreeze, avoids freezing by increasing the osmolality of its body fluids. In smelt living in -2.o"C water, osmolality exceeded 1.0 M, making it among the highest found in bony fishes, and the only known case of a near isosmotic condition in a marine teleost. High osmolalities, but less extreme than those shown in the rainbow smelt, were found in another smelt species and two species of greenling. The high osmolalities in each species are largely due to glycerol, an osmolyte that has not previously been reported in fishes. Glycerol appears to be produced only a t subzero temperatures, and in the rainbow smelt reaches its highest concentration, 0.4 M, at environmental temperatures near the freezing point of seawater. 0 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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