Untersuchungen zur Nutzbarkeit des generativen Speicherpotentials von indeterminierten Ackerbohnengenotypen (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

Investigations on the utilization of the generative storage potential of indeterminated field bean genotypes (Vicia faba L.) The gradation in seed yield between and within the inflorescences of a field bean plant results from a hierarchical control by way of internal competition in connection with hormonal regulation. Following this hypothesis in genotypes with different yielding capacity (2 inbred lines, 1 hybrid) the two proximal flowers/inflorescence of the nodes 3–6 (counted from the bottom of the plant) were either removed or treated with growth regulators. AMO‐1618 was applied for inhibition of the gibberellic acid biosynthesis, or chlorflurenolmethylester (CFM) for reduction of indole‐3yl acetic acid translocation as both phytohormones might be concerned with the hierarchical control of the storage system. — Independent from yield level a reduction of the used storage potential in control plants up to 50% by treatments was fully compensated for in other regions and positions of the plant. AMO‐1618 application in some cases indicated an increased seed yield/plant, whereas CFM only increased the number of sterile pods/plant. These effects are discussed in relation to the storing efficiency and to yield stability of an indeterminated faba bean plant.

Yield performance of two buckwheat genotypes grown as a full-season and stubble-crop

“…Stubble buckwheat had a shorter period from sowing till the end of flowering growth than from buckwheat under full-season production system, but the number of flowers in all treatments increased 5055 days after sowing and the number of formed seeds varied between 2055 seeds per plant (data not shown). In Aufhammer et al (1994) investigation the number of flowers increased from 6070 days after sowing and number of seeds varied from 60 to 100 seeds per plant. According to our and Aufhammer et al (1994) data phenological development depends on temperature sum (days °C) and day length.…”

“…In general, early spring sowing of buckwheat, leads to higher leaf area index (LAI), total biomass and grain yield, but the growth of plants can be damaged by late frost (Aufhammer et al 1994), temperatures exceeding 17.5°C (Sugimoto and Sato 1999), or by lodging, while late sowings may suffer from lack of moisture at emergence, short assimilation period and formation of short stems. Number of flowers, flower clusters and the seed set vary with sowing date often associated with risk of water shortage (Aufhammer et al 1994, Hagiwara et al 1998, Liszewski 1999).…”

“…Number of flowers, flower clusters and the seed set vary with sowing date often associated with risk of water shortage (Aufhammer et al 1994, Hagiwara et al 1998, Liszewski 1999). Hagiwara et al (1998) and Michiyama and Hayashi (1998) while considerable differences among genotypes in growth pattern, flowering and ripening have been reported.…”

Evaluation of frost resistance in varieties of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

“…Variety Pyra, which was selected from old regional cultivars, manifested the adaptation to different conditions of cultivation. The higher resistance of tetraploid variety Emka is also reported by Aufhammer et al (1994). Generally, tetraploid varieties belong to the group of varieties that are demanding and more sensitive to cultivation conditions.…”

“…Aufhammer et al (1994) reported that temperature -2°C caused severe damage to the plants and temperature -4°C caused total frost disruption of analysed plants. On the contrary Jakimenko (1982) reported partial damage at temperature -1°C and total disruption at -2°C.…”