Untersuchungen zur Ökologie des Gamswildes (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in einem Vorkommen der Alpen

Schröder, W.

doi:10.1007/bf02002415

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…9-12 kg. Significant changes in body mass also may occur on a regional scale, as demonstrated by Schroder (1971) and Storch (1989) for the chamois. In the Orlu Reserve, body mass in autumn of adult izards of both sexes was 21-30 kg (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As soon as the rut begins (i.e., in November in the Northern Hemisphere), body mass of adult males begins to decrease, while that of adult females remains stable until December (Couturier, 1938;SchrOder, 1971;Storch, 1989). Our samples from autumn may have included adult males that had already lost mass before they were captured and these data may have partially masked sexual dimorphism in body mass of izards in Orlu Reserve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, males increase their energy expenditure and decrease time spent feeding. Couturier (1938), SchrOder (1971), and Storch (1989) found that body mass of adult males is greatest at the beginning of rut. This pattern is difficult to confirm in areas where hunting is prohibited (Boillot, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting the Relationship between Body Mass and Age in the Izard

Pépin¹,

Faivre²,

Menaut³

1996

Journal of Mammalogy

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We investigated the influence of gender, capture period, and between-year variation on the relationship between body mass and age in the izard (Rupicapra pyrenaica) using data obtained on 201 individuals captured in a Pyrenean reserve, France. Body mass was measured in spring or autumn 1984-1993. Absence of sexual dimorphism in body mass probably resulted from the high density of this protected population. Strong quadratic relationships between age and body mass were observed for spring and autumn (r = 0.79 and 0.76, respectively). Izards exhibit lower body mass in spring than in the previous autumn irrespective of age class. No significant between-year variation occurred in body mass in autumn. There were marked differences between years in spring that may be related to previous climatic conditions in winter, particularly daily temperature in December and total snowfall from November to April.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting the Relationship between Body Mass and Age in the Izard

Pépin¹,

Faivre²,

Menaut³

1996

Journal of Mammalogy

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“…The role of exceptional snowy winters as stochastic factors regulating chamois populations ( Schröder, 1971 ) has long been recognized. Seasonal snow cover limits locomotion and access to forage, and low temperatures increase thermoregulatory cost.…”

Section: Environmental Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Border Disease Virus: An Exceptional Driver of Chamois Populations Among Other Threats

et al. 2015

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Though it is accepted that emerging infectious diseases are a threat to planet biodiversity, little information exists about their role as drivers of species extinction. Populations are also affected by natural catastrophes and other pathogens, making it difficult to estimate the particular impact of emerging infectious diseases. Border disease virus genogroup 4 (BDV-4) caused a previously unreported decrease in populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain. Using a population viability analysis, we compared probabilities of extinction of a virtual chamois population affected by winter conditions, density dependence, keratoconjunctivitis, sarcoptic mange, and BD outbreaks. BD-affected populations showed double risk of becoming extinct in 50 years, confirming the exceptional ability of this virus to drive chamois populations.

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“…This sex difference in mortality was more pronounced in populations that had been affected by scabies (see also Ref. [50]). While our data does not demonstrate a direct link between MHC variation and body condition, this correlation strongly suggests that towards the end of winter males rely on an efficient MHC-mediated immune response to combat scabies infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sex-specific selection for MHC variability in Alpine chamois

et al. 2012

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BackgroundIn mammals, males typically have shorter lives than females. This difference is thought to be due to behavioural traits which enhance competitive abilities, and hence male reproductive success, but impair survival. Furthermore, in many species males usually show higher parasite burden than females. Consequently, the intensity of selection for genetic factors which reduce susceptibility to pathogens may differ between sexes. High variability at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is believed to be advantageous for detecting and combating the range of infectious agents present in the environment. Increased heterozygosity at these immune genes is expected to be important for individual longevity. However, whether males in natural populations benefit more from MHC heterozygosity than females has rarely been investigated. We investigated this question in a long-term study of free-living Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), a polygynous mountain ungulate.ResultsHere we show that male chamois survive significantly (P = 0.022) longer if heterozygous at the MHC class II DRB locus, whereas females do not. Improved survival of males was not a result of heterozygote advantage per se, as background heterozygosity (estimated across twelve microsatellite loci) did not change significantly with age. Furthermore, reproductively active males depleted their body fat reserves earlier than females leading to significantly impaired survival rates in this sex (P < 0.008). This sex-difference was even more pronounced in areas affected by scabies, a severe parasitosis, as reproductively active males were less likely to survive than females. However, we did not find evidence for a survival advantage associated with specific MHC alleles in areas affected by scabies.ConclusionsIncreased MHC class II DRB heterozygosity with age in males, suggests that MHC heterozygous males survive longer than homozygotes. Reproductively active males appear to be less likely to survive than females most likely because of the energetic challenge of the winter rut, accompanied by earlier depletion of their body fat stores, and a generally higher parasite burden. This scenario renders the MHC-mediated immune response more important for males than for females, which implies a relatively stronger selection pressure on MHC genes in males than in females.

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Untersuchungen zur Ökologie des Gamswildes (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in einem Vorkommen der Alpen

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Factors Affecting the Relationship between Body Mass and Age in the Izard

Factors Affecting the Relationship between Body Mass and Age in the Izard

Border Disease Virus: An Exceptional Driver of Chamois Populations Among Other Threats

Sex-specific selection for MHC variability in Alpine chamois

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