Unusual and Rare Pneumocephalus Presentations in a Tertiary Care Center: Management Strategies and Review of Literature

Abstract

Pneumocephalus has various forms of presentations and a diverse etiology ranging from trauma to iatrogenic craniotomies and spinal surgeries. Most cases are benign and uncomplicated and resolve with minimal or no intervention. Few cases of pneumocephalus or pneumoventricles are either persistent despite treatment or present in various unique forms leading to considerable difficulty in the diagnosis and management of these patients. In this study, we analyze six cases of pneumocephalus with unusual and rare form of presentations and discuss their management strategies along with a review of relevant literature.

A Case Report on Pneumocephalus That Occurred Following an Epidural Ozone Injection During Percutaneous Lumbar Disc Decompression Surgery

“…The relationship between pneumocephalus and a skull base defect is similar to the relationship between CSF leaks and postoperative pneumocephalus, suggesting similar treatment. Based on Viswanathan et al's findings, small bone defects causing pneumocephalus respond well to conservative measures, such as bed rest, head-of-bed elevation, and pain management (23).…”