Unusual Materials in Pre and Primary Schools: Presence and Actions

The Psychological Ownership of Ethnobotanicals through Education

“…This was a qualitative action research case study within the participatory research approach (Dayaratne, 2016) done on children and their caretakers brought together into the EE classroom over two summers (Process 1 and Process II) in order to test the efficacy of ETB-based EE on changing perspectives for PO (See Tables 1 and 2). The methodology was designed using different kinds of classroom pedagogies (Caciuc, 2014;Davies, 2013;Elena, 2015;Guerra, 2014;Higashimura, 2012;Petrenko, 2017;Saliceti, 2015;Valderrama-Hernandez et. al., 2017;Zivitere et al, 2015) to study changes in participant's attitudes towards H. cordata and M. bombycis, as delineated in Table 1.…”

“…It increases the order of interest to identity to behavior. The use of unusual materials of culture (Guerra & Zuccoli, 2014) involved in TK, namely ETB plants that could be used in art and food were included as part of the lesson to increase PO considering how strongly people feel towards these aspects of their cultures (Sharif et al, 2016).…”

Becoming Earth

“…Remida, both in the renowned Reggio Emilia kindergarten, as well as ReMidas and recycling centers all over the world, are at the forefront of the move to work with discarded industrial materials in preschools (Guerra & Zuccoli, 2014). In Norway, there are one ReMida and three other creative reusable material centers (Odegard, 2015).…”

“…The materials vary greatly in textures, shapes, colors and sizes. Guerra and Zuccoli (2014) underline that working with reusable materials open many possibilities, requiring constant, unlimited experimentation, because there is no real destination point: "This does not lead to the recreation of some definite form, but rather the idea is to continue to experiment and re-experiment, paying attention to hypothesis and verification, trial and error" (Ibid, p. 1990). The preschool children use their sensory apparatus when accepting the open-ended invitation from the materials to explore, build, move, translate, play and associate in multiple ways.…”

“…The reusable materials potentials is free and seems to have lost its previous functions, which invites children to transform and improvise with them (Odegard, 2012;Guerra & Zuccoli, 2014). "Stuff " designated as 'waste' was recharged, infused and transformed commonly understood as waste, and in the materials creative, philosophical and political agency (force).…”