Unusual swimbladder behavior of fish in the Cariaco Trench

Love, Richard H.; Fisher, Robert A.; Wilson, Marcia A.; Nero, Redwood W.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2003.09.004

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…SLs composed of many smaller organisms can be recorded at lower frequencies than single individuals, but at 18 kHz, even dense assemblages of most invertebrates will not be detected. Scattering from the swimbladders of mesopelagic fishes (swimbladder resonance) is the predominant cause of acoustic reverberation at this frequency (Love et al 2004). The SLs focused on here were also recorded at 18 kHz and accordingly were allocated to fish.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of individual mesopelagic fish in acoustic scattering layers of Norwegian fjords

Kaartvedt¹,

Torgersen²,

Klevjer³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mesopelagic acoustic scattering layers (SLs) in 2 fjords were studied from a stationary research vessel. Diel vertical movements of SLs were assessed by hull-mounted transducers, while in situ behavior of individuals constituting the SLs was resolved by a submerged echo sounder. The study focused on SLs made up of the lightfish Maurolicus muelleri and the lanternfish Benthosema glaciale. Individual fish migrated in a pronounced stepwise manner, alternating between vertical movements and stationary phases both during ascent and descent. Mean lengths of steps varied between 2.01 and 0.40 m, and mean duration of stationary phases between 69 and 36 s for fish in different SLs. Such travel-pause behavior concords with saltatory search, where fish scan the water for prey during the stationary phases, relocate and scan a new water parcel. Little activity was recorded among individuals in deep water, apart from infrequent, short shifts in vertical distribution. This study shows that stationary submerged echo sounders can provide detailed information on in situ behavior of mesopelagic fish.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of individual mesopelagic fish in acoustic scattering layers of Norwegian fjords

Kaartvedt¹,

Torgersen²,

Klevjer³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maurolicus muelleri has a gas-filled swim bladder and as a result, an order of magnitude higher target strength than invertebrate targets like krill and shrimps (Torgersen & Kaartvedt 2001, Klevjer & Kaart vedt 2006. Kaartvedt et al (2008) furthermore recorded the same SLs at 18 kHz, and the nonresonating invertebrates would not contribute substantially at this frequency (Love et al 2004). The main uncertainty in target identification relates to the lower edge of the DSL.…”

Section: Trawl Sampling and Acousticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term acoustical observations of the mesopelagic fish Maurolicus muelleri reveal novel and varied vertical migration patterns

Staby¹,

Røstad²,

Kaartvedt³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the temporal dynamics in the vertical distribution of Maurolicus muelleri scattering layers (SL) by examining continuous acoustic recordings over a 15 mo period in Masfjorden, Norway, complemented by intermittent sampling campaigns. The data revealed known patterns as normal diel vertical migration (DVM), midnight sinking between dusk and dawn, and periods without migrations, as well as novel behaviours consisting of early morning ascents, reverse diel vertical migrations, and interrupted ascents in the evening. During the first autumn of the study, adult fish modified their normal DVM behaviour by suspending their migration in the evening, yet ascending toward the surface in the later part of the night to reach upper layers during dawn. This behaviour was not observed during the second autumn of the study. By mid-to end of November (1st autumn), adult fish had suspended the nocturnal ascent entirely, and in the subsequent period until the end of January, a fraction of the population rather performed limited reverse migrations, slightly shifting their vertical distribution upwards during the first part of the day. From January to March 2008, fish interrupted their evening ascent at apparently random intervals and returned to deeper waters, instead of completing a full ascent to the surface. Our study underlines the value of long-term recordings, with the results suggesting that M. muelleri has the capability of changing its behaviour in response to ontogeny and internal state (satiation and hunger) as well as to external stimuli. KEY WORDS: Diel vertical migration · DVM · Scattering layers · Maurolicus muelleri · Ontogeny · Stationary hydroacoustics Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 441: [241][242][243][244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254][255] 2011 from the surface (Neilson & Perry 1990, Baliño & Aksnes 1993, Widder & Frank 2001, Cohen & Forward 2009, Staby & Aksnes 2011.Several hypotheses for vertical migrations on a population level have been put forward. Eggers (1978) proposed that the adaptive value of vertical migrations was to minimise predation risk by avoiding predators. The predator avoidance hypothesis was later extended to include the optimisation of foraging in the anti-predation window at intermediate light intensities at dusk and dawn (Clark & Levy 1988, Scheuerell & Schindler 2003. The bioenergetic efficiency hypothesis states that organisms distribute at temperatures which maximise growth (Wurtsbaugh & Neverman 1988, Giske & Aksnes 1992, Bevelhimer & Adams 1993, while the foragingopportunity hypothesis predicts that the depth distribution of the predator overlaps with depth changes of its prey (Levy 1990a, Neilson & Perry 1990. On an individual level, the hunger-satiation hypothesis assumes that vertical movements of individuals are triggered by a change in their hunger or satiation state (Pearre 2003).Mueller's pearlside Maurolicus muelleri Gmelin 1789, a small mesopelagic fish (standard le...

show abstract

“…A few possible exceptions have been hypothesized recently. The fish Bregmacerous cantori was shown to undergo dramatic changes in the volume and tension of the O 2 -filled swimbladder during its vertical migration into the anoxic Cariaco Basin (Love et al, 2004). The conclusion was that the bladder volume decreased at depth as the fish utilized the O 2 stored within to support aerobic metabolism in otherwise anoxic waters.…”

Section: Aerobic Adaptations To Omzsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical oxygen levels and metabolic suppression in oceanic oxygen minimum zones

Seibel

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

302

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe survival of oceanic organisms in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) depends on their total oxygen demand and the capacities for oxygen extraction and transport, anaerobic ATP production and metabolic suppression. Anaerobic metabolism and metabolic suppression are required for daytime forays into the most extreme OMZs. Critical oxygen partial pressures are, within a range, evolved to match the minimum oxygen level to which a species is exposed. This fact demands that low oxygen habitats be defined by the biological response to low oxygen rather than by some arbitrary oxygen concentration. A broad comparative analysis of oxygen tolerance facilitates the identification of two oxygen thresholds that may prove useful for policy makers as OMZs expand due to climate change. Between these thresholds, specific physiological adaptations to low oxygen are required of virtually all species. The lower threshold represents a limit to evolved oxygen extraction capacity. Climate change that pushes oxygen concentrations below the lower threshold (~0.8kPa) will certainly result in a transition from an ecosystem dominated by a diverse midwater fauna to one dominated by diel migrant biota that must return to surface waters at night. Animal physiology and, in particular, the response of animals to expanding hypoxia, is a critical, but understudied, component of biogeochemical cycles and oceanic ecology. Here, I discuss the definition of hypoxia and critical oxygen levels, review adaptations of animals to OMZs and discuss the capacity for, and prevalence of, metabolic suppression as a response to temporary residence in OMZs and the possible consequences of climate change on OMZ ecology.

show abstract

Unusual swimbladder behavior of fish in the Cariaco Trench

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Behavior of individual mesopelagic fish in acoustic scattering layers of Norwegian fjords

Behavior of individual mesopelagic fish in acoustic scattering layers of Norwegian fjords

Long-term acoustical observations of the mesopelagic fish Maurolicus muelleri reveal novel and varied vertical migration patterns

Critical oxygen levels and metabolic suppression in oceanic oxygen minimum zones

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About