Unusually high incidence of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan

Yang, Muh Hwa; Chen, Kuang Kuo; Yen, Chueh Chuan; Wang, Wei Shu; Chang, Yen; Huang, William J.S.; Fan, Frank S.; Chiou, Tzeon Jye; Liu, Jin Hwang; Chen, Po Min

doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(02)01529-7

Cited by 187 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The reported ratios of ureteral cancer to renal pelvis cancer cases range from 1:3 to 1:4. However, the ratio of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC) to lower urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (LUT-UC) cases is 3.08:6.72 in Taiwan, even in non-endemic areas of blackfoot disease (Yang et al, 2002). Besides, UUT-UC had more malignant behavior than LUT-UC (Catto et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione S-Transferase Expression in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinomas: a Taiwan Study

Chen

Wu²,

Tu³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Objectives: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes play important roles in resistance to cell apoptosis and carcinogenesis. We aimed to establish the relationship between GST expression and the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTT-UC) in Taiwan. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 46 patients with pathologically confirmed UUT-UC at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. In each patient, expression of GSTT1 and GSTP1 was compared between urothelial carcinoma and normal urothelial cells by Western blotting. Results: GSTP1 expression in the UUT-UC cells was significantly higher than that in normal urothelial cells (1.6 fold, p<0.001). Expression of GSTT1 was significantly associated with the invasiveness of the carcinoma (p=0.006). Conclusions: In UUT-UC, GSTP1 might be a potential tumor marker, whereas high GSTT1 expression could be used as an indicator of cancer progression. This study is the first to demonstrate potential applications of different GST isoenzymes for biomolecular analysis of UUT-UCs in Taiwan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione S-Transferase Expression in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinomas: a Taiwan Study

Chen

Wu²,

Tu³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…This vasculitis is caused by chronic exposure to arsenic pollution of water in artesian wells. 15,16 However, the relationship between blackfoot disease and UTUC remains unclear. 17 Another report suggested that exposure to arsenic is associated with the development of upper urinary tract cancer in Taiwan.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of urothelial carcinoma

2017

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The epithelium lining is defined as the mucosal surfaces of the renal collecting tubules, calyces and pelvis, as well as the ureter, bladder and urethra. The term "urothelium" is used to refer to these surfaces. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a rare subset of urothelial cancers with a poor prognosis. Urinary bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving the urinary system. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is more common in men than in women, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. The incidence of urinary bladder cancer is also higher in men. Cigarette smoking and occupational exposure are the main upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urinary bladder cancer risk factors, while other factors are more specific to the carcinogenesis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (i.e. Balkan endemic nephropathy, Chinese herb nephropathy). In Egypt until recent years, urinary bladder cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer due to Schistosoma haematobium. Substantial knowledge exists regarding the causes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urinary bladder cancer, and epidemiological studies have identified various chemical carcinogens that are believed to be responsible for most cases of urothelial carcinoma. In the era of precision medicine, genetic effects might play a direct role in the initiation and progression of urothelial carcinoma.

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“…The prevalence of UC in the BFD endemic area improved significantly after the government modernized the water supply system. However, for some reasons, the prevalence of UC in this area is still higher than other parts of Taiwan (Yang et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2002). Arsenic exposure is associated with an increased risk of UC.…”

Section: Arsenic Intoxicationmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Contamination of drinking water with arsenic has been considered to be the reason for this endemic disease. The cases of UUT-UC in the endemic area of BFD are characterized by female predominance (male to female ratio of 1:2) and more ureteral tumors (twice as common as the renal pelvis tumors) (Tan et al, 2008;Yang et al, 2002;Chiou et al 2001, Chiang et al, 1993. The prevalence of UC in the BFD endemic area improved significantly after the government modernized the water supply system.…”

Section: Arsenic Intoxicationmentioning

confidence: 99%