Unveiling clinical applications of bacterial extracellular vesicles as natural nanomaterials in disease diagnosis and therapeutics

Liu, Chun; Yazdani, Negar; Moran, Corey S.; Salomon, Carlos; Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath; Ivanovski, Sašo; Han, Pingping

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.022

Acta Biomaterialia

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.022

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Unveiling clinical applications of bacterial extracellular vesicles as natural nanomaterials in disease diagnosis and therapeutics

Chun Liu,

Negar Yazdani,

Corey S. Moran

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 10 publications

References 159 publications

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Bacterial surface derived extracellular vesicles: A ground‐breaking approach in cancer therapy

Das,

Sonar,

Kalele

et al. 2024

Clinical and Translational Dis

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Conventional cancer therapies are often limited by inherent and acquired drug resistance, non‐specific toxicity, and suboptimal drug delivery. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), including outer membrane vesicles and membrane vesicles, present a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. BEVs were found in both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. This article provides a classified investigation of the therapeutic potential of BEVs in cancer treatment. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying their observed anti‐tumor effects, including the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, suppression of angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment, and stimulation of both innate and adaptive anti‐tumor immune responses. Moreover, BEVs being biocompatible opens avenue for targeted drug delivery systems, potentially improving the therapeutic index of conventional chemotherapeutics. Challenges to clinical translation, such as BEV heterogeneity and potential immunogenicity, are addressed. We also explore future directions for research and development, comprehensively highlighting how BEVs transform the landscape of precision oncology and cancer treatment, eventually improving patient outcomes.

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Bacterial surface derived extracellular vesicles: A ground‐breaking approach in cancer therapy

Das,

Sonar,

Kalele

et al. 2024

Clinical and Translational Dis

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Emerging role of gut microbiota extracellular vesicle in neurodegenerative disorders and insights on their therapeutic management

Hassan,

Huang,

Mahjabina

et al. 2024

iMetaOmics

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Targeting gut flora to lower sickness risk is a growing scientific subject. The intricate network of microorganisms (gut microbiota) in the human intestines regulates many physiological systems and may be important for general health. Recent research has shown a dynamic relationship between gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS). Dysbiosis is key to establishing and progressing human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, gut microbiota extracellular vesicles (GMEVs) have been suggested as brain‐gut communication carriers. Vesicle components contact immune receptors, initiating neuroinflammatory immune responses and causing neurodegenerative diseases. This study seeks to explain how the gut microbiota and its extracellular vesicles cause or worsen neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlighted recent advances in our understanding of these GMEVs' and cargo's routes, which could be used in drug delivery treatments. This study also examines the current state and potential therapeutic effects of GMEVs on neurodegenerative illnesses.

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Applications of plant‐derived extracellular vesicles in medicine

Zhu,

Zhao,

Ding

et al. 2024

MedComm

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Plant‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic agents owing to their natural abundance, accessibility, and unique biological properties. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the therapeutic potential of plant‐derived EVs and emphasizes their anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and tumor‐inhibitory effects. Here, we discussed the advancements in isolation and purification techniques, such as ultracentrifugation and size‐exclusion chromatography, which are critical for maintaining the functional integrity of these nanovesicles. Next, we investigated the diverse administration routes of EVs and carefully weighed their respective advantages and challenges related to bioavailability and patient compliance. Moreover, we elucidated the multifaceted mechanisms of action of plant‐derived EVs, including their roles in anti‐inflammation, antioxidation, antitumor activity, and modulation of gut microbiota. We also discussed the impact of EVs on specific diseases such as cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, highlighting the importance of addressing current challenges related to production scalability, regulatory compliance, and immunogenicity. Finally, we proposed future research directions for optimizing EV extraction and developing targeted delivery systems. Through these efforts, we envision the seamless integration of plant‐derived EVs into mainstream medicine, offering safe and potent therapeutic alternatives across various medical disciplines.

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Unveiling clinical applications of bacterial extracellular vesicles as natural nanomaterials in disease diagnosis and therapeutics

Cited by 10 publications

References 159 publications

Bacterial surface derived extracellular vesicles: A ground‐breaking approach in cancer therapy

Bacterial surface derived extracellular vesicles: A ground‐breaking approach in cancer therapy

Emerging role of gut microbiota extracellular vesicle in neurodegenerative disorders and insights on their therapeutic management

Applications of plant‐derived extracellular vesicles in medicine

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