Unveiling the biogeochemical mechanism of nitrate in the vadose zone-groundwater system: Insights from integrated microbiology, isotope techniques, and hydrogeochemistry

Wang, Dan; Li, Peiyue; Mu, Dawei; Liu, Weichao; Chen, Yinfu; Fida, Misbah

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167481

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Denitrification is usually considered the main process for eliminating nitrate in the deep vadose zone. Contrary to subtropical and tropical regions with strong denitrification in deep soil profiles, low content of soil organic carbon and higher dissolved oxygen that denitrification is limited (Wang et al, 2024), which leads to more nitrate accumulation in kiwifruit production regions such as Meixian County.…”

Section: Different Fates Of the Surpluses Of N P And Kmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long-term trajectories of nutrient budgets and changes in soils of two counties with contrasting land use changes: cereals vs fruit orchards

Wang,

Yu,

Xia

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Land use change (LUC) is a key factor affecting nutrient budgets in agricultural soils. Comparing the long-term trajectories of nutrient budgets and changes in soils at a regional scale with contrasting LUC is critical to optimizing nutrient management and minimizing adverse environmental effects. We investigated the nutrient budgets and changes in soils in two counties in the south Loess Plateau, China, with contrasting LUCs from 1992 to 2017. Wugong County has cereals as the main crop, whereas Meixian County has the main cereal crops changed to kiwi orchards. We found that nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) inputs in two counties increased rapidly, and the nutrient outputs by crop harvests remained relatively stable. This resulted in increasing nutrient surpluses in the soils of two counties. Nutrient surplus in the orchard-dominated county was higher than that of the cereal-dominated county, and nutrient use efficiencies were contrasting. High N surplus in the orchard-dominated county resulted in high nitrate-N accumulation in deeper soil profiles of orchards. High P and K surpluses in the two counties significantly increased available P and K in 0-20 cm depth. Soil available P and K in the orchard-dominated county were significantly higher than in the cereal-dominated county, which was also significantly higher than the threshold values of available P and K contents in soils. We conclude that comprehensive measures should be taken to control nutrient surpluses, which will help to balance nutrient inputs and outputs and minimize nutrient losses in intensive horticultural crop systems.

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Section: Different Fates Of the Surpluses Of N P And Kmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long-term trajectories of nutrient budgets and changes in soils of two counties with contrasting land use changes: cereals vs fruit orchards

Wang,

Yu,

Xia

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The δD-H 2 O and δ 18 O-H 2 O values were measured using a stable isotope mass spectrometer (Isoprime 100, Berlin, Germany) with analytical precisions of ±0.03‰ and ±0.02‰. The δ 15 N-NO 3 − and δ 18 O-NO 3 − values were determined using the "denitrifier" methods [28,29] and tested with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Thermal Fisher, DELTA-V, Washington, DC, USA). The values of δ 15 N-NO 3 − and δ 18 O-NO 3 − were calibrated by three international standards: USGS32, USGS34, and USGS35, and the analytical precision was ±0.4‰ for δ 15 N-NO 3 − and ±0.5‰ for δ 18 O-NO 3 − .…”

Section: Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical Evolution and Nitrate Source Identification of River Water and Groundwater in Huashan Watershed, China

Li,

Lin,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The combined hydrochemical analysis, factor analysis, and isotopic signals of water and nitrate were applied to explore the hydrochemical origin and identify the sources and transformation of nitrate in river water and groundwater in the Huashan watershed. Additionally, a Bayesian isotope mixing model (SIAR) was employed for quantitative assessment of the nitrate sources. The results indicated that both river water and groundwater were dominated by HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca·Mg types; both originated from precipitation and were influenced by evaporation. The main constituent ions in the river water and groundwater primarily originated from carbonate and silicate dissolution, with the presence of cation exchange in the groundwater. The water chemistry of river water was greatly influenced by physicochemical factors, while that of groundwater was mainly controlled by water–rock interaction. NO3− in river water was mainly influenced by soil nitrogen (SN) and manure and septic wastes (MSWs), while NO3− in groundwater was jointly affected by ammonium fertilizers (AF), SN, and MSWs. With the exception of denitrification observed in the groundwater at the watershed outlet, denitrification was absent in both groundwater in the piedmont area and in river water. The SIAR model results demonstrated that the contribution rates of atmospheric precipitation (AP), AF, SN, and MSWs to river water were 12%, 21%, 25%, and 42%, respectively, while to groundwater, they were 16%, 27%, 10%, and 47%, respectively. Overall, MSWs were the main sources of nitrate in the river water and groundwater. It is necessary to prevent the leakage of MSWs when managing water resources.

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“…Complementary to microbiological monitoring, geochemical approaches that consider each potential nitrogen source and methods using isotopes (mainly oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen) as tracers can be used in the case of groundwater. Hydrogeochemical, isotopic, and microbiological investigations are necessary to elucidate the primary mechanism controlling the biogeochemistry of NO 3 − in the groundwater environment (Wang et al, 2024 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial, chemical, and isotopic monitoring integrated approach to assess potential leachate contamination of groundwater in a karstic aquifer (Apulia, Italy)

Beneduce,

Piergiacomo,

Limoni

et al. 2024

Environ Monit Assess

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Landfill sites are subjected to long-term risks of accidental spill of leachate through the soil and consequential contamination of the groundwater. Wide areas surrounding the landfill can seriously be threatened with possible consequences to human health and the environment. Given the potential impact of different coexisting anthropic pollution sources (i.e., agriculture and cattle farming) on the same site, the perturbation of the groundwater quality may be due to multiple factors. Therefore, it is a challenging issue to correctly establish the pollution source of an aquifer where the landfill is not isolated from other anthropic land uses, especially in the case of a karstic coastal aquifer. The present study is aimed at setting in place an integrated environmental monitoring system that included microbiological, chemical, and isotope methods to evaluate potential groundwater pollution in a landfill district in the south of Italy located in Murgia karstic aquifer. Conventional (microbial plate count and physical–chemical analyses) and advanced methods (PCR-ARISA, isotope analysis of δ18O, δ2H, 3H, δ 13C, δ 15N-NO3−, and δ 18O-NO3−) were included in the study. Through data integration, it was possible to reconstruct a scenario in which agriculture and other human activities along with seawater intrusion in the karst aquifer were the main drivers of groundwater pollution at the monitored site. The microbiological, chemical, and isotope results confirmed the absence of leachate effects on groundwater quality, showing the decisive role of fertilizers as potential nitrate sources. The next goal will be to extend long-term integrated monitoring to other landfill districts, with different geological and hydrogeological characteristics and including different sources of pollution, to support the ecological restoration of landfills.

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Unveiling the biogeochemical mechanism of nitrate in the vadose zone-groundwater system: Insights from integrated microbiology, isotope techniques, and hydrogeochemistry

Cited by 15 publications

References 95 publications

Long-term trajectories of nutrient budgets and changes in soils of two counties with contrasting land use changes: cereals vs fruit orchards

Long-term trajectories of nutrient budgets and changes in soils of two counties with contrasting land use changes: cereals vs fruit orchards

Hydrochemical Evolution and Nitrate Source Identification of River Water and Groundwater in Huashan Watershed, China

Microbial, chemical, and isotopic monitoring integrated approach to assess potential leachate contamination of groundwater in a karstic aquifer (Apulia, Italy)

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