Unveiling the epigenetic landscape of plants using flow cytometry approach

Abstract

Plants are sessile creatures that have to adapt constantly changing environmental circumstances. Plants are subjected to a range of abiotic stressors as a result of unpredictable climate change. Understanding how stress‐responsive genes are regulated can help us better understand how plants can adapt to changing environmental conditions. Epigenetic markers that dynamically change in response to stimuli, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications are known to regulate gene expression. Individual cells or particles' physical and/or chemical properties can be measured using the method known as flow cytometry. It may therefore be used to evaluate changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and other epigenetic markers, making it a potent tool for researching epigenetics in plants. We explore the use of flow cytometry as a technique for examining epigenetic traits in this thorough discussion. The separation of cell nuclei and their subsequent labeling with fluorescent antibodies, offering information on the epigenetic mechanisms in plants when utilizing flow cytometry. We also go through the use of high‐throughput data analysis methods to unravel the complex epigenetic processes occurring inside plant systems.