Unveiling the Origin of the Fermi Bubbles

Yang, H.-Y. Karen; Ruszkowski, Mateusz; Zweibel, Ellen G.

doi:10.3390/galaxies6010029

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…They could either be accelerated at the Galactic Center and transported to the surface of the bubbles or accelerated in-situ by shocks or turbulence. Note however that not all combinations of the above three considerations would make a successful model because of constraints given by the hard spectrum of the observed bubbles [89]. WUM explains FBs the following way:  Core of Milky Way galaxy is made up of DM particles: DMF1 (1.3 TeV), DMF2 (9.6 GeV), and DMF3 (3.7 keV).…”

Section: Dark Matter Fermi Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Matter Cosmology and Astrophysics

Netchitailo¹

2019

JHEPGC

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Hypersphere World-Universe Model (WUM) envisions Matter carried from Universe into World from fourth spatial dimension by Dark Matter Particles (DMPs). Luminous Matter is byproduct of Dark Matter (DM) annihilation. WUM introduces Dark Epoch (spanning from Beginning of World for 0.4 billion years) when only DMPs existed, and Luminous Epoch (ever since for 13.8 billion years). Big Bang discussed in standard cosmological model is, in our view, transition from Dark Epoch to Luminous Epoch due to Rotational Fission of Overspinning DM Supercluster's Cores and annihilation of DMPs.WUM solves a number of physical problems in contemporary Cosmology and Astrophysics through DMPs and their interactions: Angular Momentum problem in birth and subsequent evolution of Galaxies and Extrasolar systems-how do they obtain it; Fermi Bubbles-two large structures in gamma-rays and X-rays above and below Galactic center; Mysterious Star KIC 8462852 with irregular dimmings; Coronal Heating problem in solar physics-temperature of Sun's corona exceeding that of photosphere by millions of degrees; Cores of Sun and Earth rotating faster than their surfaces; Diversity of Gravitationally-Rounded Objects in Solar system and their Internal Heat; Lightning Initiation problem-electric fields observed inside thunderstorms are not sufficient to initiate sparks; Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes-bursts of high energy X-rays and gamma rays emanating from Earth. Model makes predictions pertaining to Masses of DMPs, proposes New Types of their Interactions. WUM reveals Inter-Connectivity of Primary Cosmological Parameters and calculates their values, which are in good agreement with the latest results of their measurements.

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Section: Dark Matter Fermi Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Matter Cosmology and Astrophysics

Netchitailo¹

2019

JHEPGC

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“…This review is concerned with observations of starburst-driven GWs, and the Milky Way's GW may be driven by star formation (e.g., [133]). It also may be powered by the Galactic nuclear black hole during a previous accretion episode (see, e.g., the recent review of relevant data and models in [134]). However, for completeness we note some recent observations, since the Milky Way is an excellent laboratory for studying a GW at high sensitivity and spatial resolution in what is a "typical" galaxy in the Local Universe.…”

Section: The Nearest Galactic Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Observations of Galactic Winds Driven by Star Formation

Rupke

2018

Galaxies

114

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Galaxy-scale outflows of gas, or galactic winds (GWs), driven by energy from star formation are a pivotal mechanism for regulation of star formation in the current model of galaxy evolution. Observations of this phenomenon have proliferated through the wide application of old techniques on large samples of galaxies, the development of new methods, and advances in telescopes and instrumentation. I review the diverse portfolio of direct observations of stellar GWs since 2010. Maturing measurements of the ionized and neutral gas properties of nearby winds have been joined by exciting new probes of molecular gas and dust. Low-z techniques have been newly applied in large numbers at high z. The explosion of optical and near-infrared 3D imaging spectroscopy has revealed the complex, multiphase structure of nearby GWs. These observations point to stellar GWs being a common feature of rapidly star-forming galaxies throughout at least the second half of cosmic history, and suggest that scaling relationships between outflow and galaxy properties persist over this period. The simple model of a modest-velocity, biconical flow of multiphase gas and dust perpendicular to galaxy disks continues to be a robust descriptor of these flows.

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“…Though direct observation reveals that Sgr A* is presently in a quiescent state [18], the XRN model of the CMZ clouds overall reveals that Sgr A* has been brighter in the past few hundred years with at least two short outbursts [8,19]. Meanwhile, indication of the brilliance of Sgr A* in the more distant past, >10 6 years ago, comes from the Fermi Bubbles, likely formed in an AGN phase of Sgr A* [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Constraints on Cosmic Particle Populations at the Galactic Center using X-ray Observations of the Molecular Cloud Sagittarius B2

Rogers¹,

Zhang²,

Perez³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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Located ∼100 pc from the dynamic center of the Milky Way, the molecular cloud Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) is the most massive such object in the Galactic Center region. In X-rays, Sgr B2 shows a prominent neutral Fe K line at 6.4 keV and continuum emission beyond 10 keV, indicating high-energy, non-thermal processes in the cloud. The Sgr B2 complex is an X-ray reflection nebula whose total emissions have decreased since the year 2001 as it reprocesses what are likely one or more past energetic outbursts from the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. The X-ray reflection model explains the observed time-variability of the Fe K and hard X-ray emissions, and it provides a window into the luminous history of our nearest supermassive black hole. In light of evidence of elevated cosmic particle populations in the Galactic Center, recent interest has also focused on X-rays from Sgr B2 as a probe of low-energy (sub-GeV) cosmic particles. In contrast to X-ray reflection, in this case we can assume that the X-ray flux contribution from ionization by low-energy cosmic particles is constant in time, such that upper limits on low-energy cosmic particle populations may be obtained using the lowest flux levels observed from the cloud. Here, we present the most recent and correspondingly dimmest NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of Sgr B2, from 2018. These reveal small-scale variations within lower density portions of the Sgr B complex, including brightening features, and enable the best upper limits on ionization of molecular clouds by low-energy cosmic particles in the inner ∼ 100 pc of the Galaxy.

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Unveiling the Origin of the Fermi Bubbles

Cited by 48 publications

References 55 publications

Dark Matter Cosmology and Astrophysics

Dark Matter Cosmology and Astrophysics

A Review of Recent Observations of Galactic Winds Driven by Star Formation

New Constraints on Cosmic Particle Populations at the Galactic Center using X-ray Observations of the Molecular Cloud Sagittarius B2

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