2013
DOI: 10.1021/jp403402k
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Unveiling the Origin of Unusual Pseudocapacitance of RuO2·nH2O from Its Hierarchical Nanostructure by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Abstract: Hydrous ruthenium oxide (RuO 2 •nH 2 O) has inherent proton−electron mixed-conductive nature and offers huge pseudocapacitance (>700 F g −1 ), having attracted the attention of many capacitor engineers. However, the origin of the anomalous pseudocapacitance, exhibiting a strong maximum at a specific narrow optimum annealing temperature of ca. 150 °C, has yet to be understood. Here we show a longawaited explanation for this mystery based on its hierarchical nanostructure unveiled by small-angle X-ray scattering… Show more

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Cited by 65 publications
(48 citation statements)
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“…The thickness and AEF of the gold current collector, which can be easily modulated by the electrodeposition parameters, were ≈40 µm and 520, respectively. Pseudocapacitive hydrous ruthenium dioxide RuO 2 was afterward electrodeposited (using cyclic voltammetry at 50 mV s −1 from −0.3 to +0.95 V vs SCE for 400 cycles) on the resulting 3D conducting current collector and annealed at 150 °C for 1 h, i.e., just below its crystalline temperature . The pH value of the electrolytic bath was settled at 2.5 to achieve optimal RuO 2 deposition involving both chemical and electrochemical reactions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The thickness and AEF of the gold current collector, which can be easily modulated by the electrodeposition parameters, were ≈40 µm and 520, respectively. Pseudocapacitive hydrous ruthenium dioxide RuO 2 was afterward electrodeposited (using cyclic voltammetry at 50 mV s −1 from −0.3 to +0.95 V vs SCE for 400 cycles) on the resulting 3D conducting current collector and annealed at 150 °C for 1 h, i.e., just below its crystalline temperature . The pH value of the electrolytic bath was settled at 2.5 to achieve optimal RuO 2 deposition involving both chemical and electrochemical reactions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This particle size is in good agreement with the local structure derived by EXFAS 24 and SAXS. 25 The pseudocapacitance due to surface redox processes (C redox ) is calculated by subtracting C dl from the overall capacitance C at the respective scan rates and is shown in Fig. 1B.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The results reveal that as‐synthesized RuO 2 ·0.4H 2 O was typical amorphous with partly rutile crystalline structure, which is an essential factor to simultaneously obtain high ion and electron conductivity, because electron conduction is supported by the rutile‐like nanocrystals and proton conduction is facilitated by the structural water, as shown in refs. and .…”
mentioning
confidence: 97%