“…The four realms of experience (i.e., 4E's) are educational, entertainment, escapist, and esthetic experiences Gilmore, 1998, 2013). In the study of tourism, researchers have demonstrated the importance of different permutations of the 4Es in evoking consumer reactions (Baerenholdt and Haldrup, 2006;Oh et al, 2007;Hosany and Witham, 2009;Lee and Chang, 2012;Sinclair-Maragh, 2016;Liasidou, 2018), online retailing (Jeong et al, 2009), mobile applications -user interface (Mathwick et al, 2001;Hsu et al, 2021), theme parks (Milman and Tasci, 2018), food outlets at shopping malls (Koronaki and Theodoridis, 2020) and malls and its in-house retail offerings (Sadachar, 2014;Sadachar and Fiore, 2018). Mehrabian and Russell's (1974) environmental psychology technique is a popular methodology for assessing and describing environmental experiences, characterizing human perceptions of physical surroundings using three facets of emotions.…”