Unveiling the role of mixing in oxygen vacancy formation and metal dispersion during co-precipitation synthesis of catalysts in microreactor

Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution over Twin-Crystal ZnCdS with Sulfur Vacancies Prepared by High-Gravity Technology

“…Usually, stronger EPR signals indicate more sulfur vacancies, which form more electron trapping centers on the sample surface and promote the separation of photogenerated carriers, thus improving the photocatalytic hydrogen precipitation performance. In an impinging stream (IS) reactor, higher u can increase the mixing intensity of the impinging stream mixing process, produce a high and homogeneous supersaturated environment conducive to the formation of vacancy-rich, small-sized crystals . In Figure b, it can be clearly seen that T-S v -ZCS and S v -ZCS have the same concentration of vacancies, due to the consistent u .…”

“…In an impinging stream (IS) reactor, higher u can increase the mixing intensity of the impinging stream mixing process, 46 produce a high and homogeneous supersaturated environment conducive to the formation of vacancyrich, small-sized crystals. 47 In Figure 4b, it can be clearly seen that T-S v -ZCS and S v -ZCS have the same concentration of vacancies, due to the consistent u.…”

Vacancy induced enhanced photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped CuO NPs synthesized by Co-precipitation method

“…Compared to other synthesis methods, this approach also offers a number of unique advantages, i.e., an eco-friendly way to produce high-purity nanoparticles with complete control on process parameters, such as pH, temperature and mixing rate [ 44 , 45 ]. Moreover, in co-precipitation method, generation of oxygen vacancies affected by mixing rate have been reported previously as well which is beneficial for photocatalytic activities [ 46 , 47 ]. In order to understand the underlying chemistry, the effect of N doping has been investigated thoroughly on structural, morphological, and optical properties of the NPs.…”