Unveiling the therapeutic potential of neem flower: a phytochemical study for antidiabetic and anticancer properties

Abstract

The study explores the medicinal properties of neem blossoms, highlighting their potential as less harmful and more beneficial than other plant parts, while also analyzing extraction solvent effects. The Soxhlet extraction method was employed to extract phytochemicals using solvents based on their polarity, including chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol. The study analysed four extracts for antidiabetic and anticancer properties. The ethanolic extract was found to be most effective against diabetes and cancer cells. It can actively inhibit the activity of DPP-IV which leads to the decrease in sugar level by increased activity of incretins.Similarly, extracts have shown good anticancer activity in MTT assay. Among the all extract studied ethanolic extract proved as the most active extract and further qualitatively studied by using High resolution mass spectra to analyse the chemical composition of the neem flower. 33 different compounds were identified from the most active extract of A. indica. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY Raw material and ReagentsNeem flowers are used in the study was collected from the forest of the Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra and the name of the compound was confirmed from the www.plantlist.org. and the plant material was authenticated at Botanical survey of India, Pune, (BSI/WRC/IDEN.CERT. /2024).Extractions were performed using analytical-grade methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. All screening reagents were obtained from commercial sources. All compounds were 99% pure and were utilised without further purification. Commercially available materials included DMEM cell culture media, foetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), MTT reagent, DAPI reagent for the apoptosis investigation, and DPP-IV for the antidiabetic experiment were used.