Unwanted effects in aiming actions: The relationship between gaze behavior and performance in a golf putting task

Binsch, O.; Oudejans, Raôul R. D.; Bakker, Frank C.; Savelsbergh, Geert J.P.

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.05.005

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…40% 111 Kuboki, Soja-shi, Okayama 719-1197, Japan (Delay, et al, 1997) ( , 2008) ( , 2006) (Nilsson and Karlsen, 2006) (Binsch, et al, 2009) On the other hand, the sensor coordinate system was defined on the putter shaft.…”

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confidence: 99%

Discrimination of the shot distance by putter head motions of golf

Tsuchiya

Hokari

2015

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In previous study, we proposed three dimensional motion measurement system which was composed of gyro sensor and infrared sensor to measure golf putter head motion. In this paper, we propose a method to discriminate the shot distance from the rotational and translational motions of the putter head. Rotational and translational motions of the putter head were measured by the proposed system with changing the distance to the cup from the rest position of the ball (Short:150 cm, Middle : 300 cm, Long : 450 cm). Four motion variables affecting the shot distance were selected by cluster analysis as follows: (1) The minimum displacement in the X axis direction before the impact, (2) The maximum displacement in the Y axis direction at the impact, (3) The angular velocity around the z axis at the impact, and (4) The angle around the x axis before the impact. The canonical discriminant analysis was used to distinguish among the shot distances. Objective variable was 3 kinds of the shot distances, and explanatory variable was 4 motion variables. As a result of the canonical discriminant analysis, accuracy rate was 93.4%. Next, the subjective data which isn't used for calculation of a discriminant was substituted for canonical discriminant equations. As a result, in short distance, the accuracy rate of all subjects was 100%. On the other hand, in the middle and long distance, the highest accuracy rate was 100%, and the lowest accuracy rate was 50%. In addition, the angular velocity around the z axis at the impact greatly contributed to shot distance.

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confidence: 99%

Discrimination of the shot distance by putter head motions of golf

Tsuchiya

Hokari

2015

Transactions of the JSME (In Japanese)

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“…Segundo Savelsbergh et al (2002) Vários trabalhos (JORDET, 2009a(JORDET, , 2009bJORDET e HARTMAN, 2008;JORDET et al, 2007JORDET et al, , 2006 Inibir uma ação inicialmente pretendida é considerado como uma forma extrema de controle do movimento e o momento a partir do qual, mesmo apresentando um sinal de parar, a resposta não pode mais ser inibida é chamado de ponto de não retorno, uma vez ultrapassado este ponto não há volta, a ação é inevitável (MORYA et al, 2007). Resultados de experimentos deixam claro que as mudanças da atenção desempenham um papel-chave em efeitos indesejados (BINSCH et al, 2009). A presença de espectadores e torcida poderia interferir na atenção, prejudicando o desempenho, em consequência piorando o aproveitamento.…”

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“…Por isso, técnicos, treinadores e atletas são aconselhados a evitar o uso de instruções negativas, para diminuir a chance de desenvolver efeitos indesejados sobre o desempenho (BINSCH et al, 2009).…”

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“…Quando os recursos são atribuídos à atenção, o processo de controle pode ser comprometido porque a capacidade de manter a atenção, sob situação de estresse, pode ser insuficiente e impede que o pensamento indesejado seja devidamente substituído. Isso pode resultar em uma manifestação de pensamentos ou comportamentos indesejados(BINSCH et al, 2009).Embora não tenham sido realizadas investigações sobre as relações entre processos psicológicos e os resultados de um chute a partir da marca do pênalti, os pesquisadores encontraram ligações entre processos cognitivos e desempenho na cobrança dos pênaltis(JORDET et al, 2007). Embora os sinais emocionais não decidam, eles são considerados nos processos decisórios.…”

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“…De certo modo, a resposta de uma preparação mental para uma ameaça pode fazer com que o atleta imagine a falha, levando-o ao erro ou paralisia, fazendo com que ele não obtenha o resultado esperado no que deveria ser feito. Uma instrução no sentido de evitar um pensamento negativo ou ação pode, ironicamente, aumentar a tendência de exercer o pensamento ou a ação(BINSCH et al, 2009).…”

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Mindfulness to Enhance Athletic Performance: Theoretical Considerations and Possible Impact Mechanisms

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Top athletes face various challenges in their career on and off the sports field. Sport psychologists teach techniques to help athletes to cope with these challenges. Over the last 30 years, the techniques used stem mainly from psychological skills training (PST), which is influenced mainly from cognitive-behavioral theories. Recently, interest in mindfulness-based interventions has increased in sport psychology. This article identifies the limits of PST and presents theoretical considerations how mindfulnessbased interventions can amend PST. Further, it addresses in what form and by what mechanisms athletes could benefit.In reviewing current mindfulness literature, we conclude that it is important to distinguish between mindfulness practice and dispositional mindfulness. Mindfulness practice means the methods through which mindfulness is fostered, whereas dispositional mindfulness describes the tendency to be mindful in everyday life. In our conceptualization, we differ between three interwoven facets of mindfulness practice (intention, attention, and attitude), which are associated with six components of dispositional mindfulness. We consider that athletes with a higher degree in mindfulness practice and dispositional mindfulness will enhance the level of several required psychological skills through various impact mechanisms. Based on theoretical considerations, we suggest bare attention, experiential acceptance, values clarifications, self-regulation/ negative emotion regulation, clarity about one's internal life, exposure, flexibility, non-attachment, and rumination as possible impact mechanisms. A greater knowledge of the conceptualization of mindfulness and its impact on psychological skills could develop and improve the effectiveness of mindfulness based interventions in sports.

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Unwanted effects in aiming actions: The relationship between gaze behavior and performance in a golf putting task

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Discrimination of the shot distance by putter head motions of golf

Discrimination of the shot distance by putter head motions of golf

Latência e acurácia de respostas motoras a estímulos visuais em situações de estresse

Mindfulness to Enhance Athletic Performance: Theoretical Considerations and Possible Impact Mechanisms

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