Unwanted sexual experiences and sexual risks in gay and bisexual men: Associations among revictimization, substance use, and psychiatric symptoms

Kalichman, Seth C.; Benotsch, Eric G.; Rompa, David; Gore‐Felton, Cheryl; Austin, James; Luke, Webster; DiFonzo, Kari; Buckles, Jeff; Kyomugisha, Florence; Simpson, Dolores

doi:10.1080/00224490109552065

Cited by 134 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among MSM, CSA was associated with having engaged in recent unprotected anal sex, having engaged in unprotected anal sex with more partners, having more lifetime partners, having engaged in sex trading, and being infected with HIV (Bartholow et al, 1994;CarballoDieguez & Dolezal, 1995;Kalichman et al, 2001;Kalichman et al, 2004;Lenderking et al, 1997). In a sample of MSM who were HIV positive, O'Leary, Purcell, Remien, and Gomez (2003) found that those who were sexually abused as children were more likely to have had recent (past 90 days) unprotected anal intercourse than those who were not sexually abused as children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Miller, 1999;Purcell, Malow, Dolezal, & Carballo-Dieguez, 2004). Several studies have established a link between CSA and substance use problems (e.g., Bartholow et al, 1994;DiIorio et al, 2002;Howard & Wang, 2005;Kalichman et al, 2001;Wilsnack et al, 1997), and between CSA and the co-occurrence of substance use and sex (e.g., Greenberg et al, 1999;Lodico & DiClemente, 1994; NIMH Multisite Prevention Trial Group, 2001;Upchurch & Kusunoki, 2004). Individuals who were sexually abused may use alcohol or drugs to cope with the abuse; this substance use may, in turn, lead to engaging in sexual risk behavior, either through reduced information-processing capacity (e.g., alcohol myopia theory; Steele & Josephs, 1990), or through sex trading for drugs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Senn¹,

Carey²,

Vanable³

2008

Clinical Psychology Review

290

309

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Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with a wide variety of adverse psychological and health outcomes, including negative sexual health outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature investigating the relation between CSA and subsequent sexual risk behaviors among men and women. Previous research has found a relatively consistent association between CSA and higher rates of sexual risk behaviors, particularly sex trading, more sexual partners, and an earlier age of first intercourse. However, there are a number of limitations to this research, including lack of a consistent definition of CSA, failure to investigate gender as a moderator, and possible confounding of the CSA experience with some of the sexual behavior outcome variables. Further, although there appears to be an association between CSA and later sexual risk behavior, researchers have not established whether this association is causal. Suggestions for future research and implications for clinical practice are discussed.The association between childhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) and adverse psychological functioning has been well-documented, in both literature reviews (e.g., Beitchman, Zucker, Hood, daCosta, & Akman, 1991;Beitchman et al., 1992) and metaanalyses (e.g., Jumper, 1995;Paolucci, Genuis, & Violato, 2001). Recently, researchers have also documented an association between CSA and adverse health outcomes, including sexual health outcomes (e.g., Bartholow et al., 1994;Senn, Carey, Vanable, Coury-Doniger, & Urban, 2006). However, few systematic reviews of this literature have been undertaken. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature investigating the relation between CSA and subsequent sexual risk behavior, and to provide researchers with directions for future studies in this area. In this paper, we first review how CSA has been defined, and then review measures used to assess CSA. Next, we briefly summarize the mental health outcomes of CSA. The bulk of the paper examines findings from previous studies investigating the association between CSA and subsequent sexual behavior. Finally, we conclude by suggesting directions for future studies, and discussing practice implications. Definition of CSAThe definition of CSA has varied widely across studies. First, researchers have used different age criteria for "childhood sexual abuse." Often, this term is used to refer to sexual abuse that Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptClin Psychol Rev. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 June 1. NIH-PA Author M...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Senn¹,

Carey²,

Vanable³

2008

Clinical Psychology Review

290

309

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Measures of sexual behaviors similar to those used in the present study have acceptable reliability and have shown utility in previous research. [24][25][26] Substance Use in Conjunction with Sexual Activity-Participants were asked the number of times they had anal sex after having "too much to drink," and the number of times they had anal sex after using drugs during their stay in New Orleans.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Risk Behavior In Men Attending Mardi Gras Celebrations In New Orleans, Louisiana

et al. 2007

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Previous research with travelers points to higher risk behaviors during vacations. Relative to their day-to-day lives, leisure travelers have more free time to pursue sexual activities and are likely to engage in higher rates of substance use than when at home. Risk behaviors during vacation have not been thoroughly examined in men who have sex with men (MSM), a key group at risk for HIV. The present investigation examined substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and components of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model in MSM attending Mardi Gras celebrations in New Orleans. Almost half of the sexually active men reported having sex with a partner of unknown HIV status while in New Orleans and a similar number did not disclose their own HIV status to all of their sexual partners. Drug use and excessive alcohol use were associated with unprotected sex (ps < .05). Components of the IMB model also predicted sexual risk behavior: individuals with more accurate HIV transmission information reported fewer unprotected sex acts, and motivation to engage in sexual activity on vacation was associated with more unprotected sex (ps < .05). Findings suggest that some MSM on vacation are placing themselves at risk for HIV. Traditional HIV prevention interventions do not readily lend themselves for use with transient populations. New intervention approaches are needed to reduce sexual risk behaviors in persons traveling for leisure.

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“…Because of imbalances in men's and women's status in society, as well as women's smaller average physical size, researchers have argued that women are inherently less powerful and more vulnerable to victimization and physical injury within intimate relationships than are men (e.g., Amaro, 1995;Gomez and Marin, 1996). Although gender-related power imbalances can certainly influence women's ability to negotiate condom use, research has demonstrated that gay/bisexual men (GBM) may also be at risk for relational violence and consequent sexual risk (e.g., Kalichman et al, 2001). Those with male partners may face greater risk for victimization than those with female partners, although research on violence in lesbian relationships suggests that power and control differentials are more likely to lead to abuse than is male gender (Girshik, 2002;Kaschak, 2001;Ristock, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Partner Abuse with Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Women and Men with HIV/AIDS

et al. 2005

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Unwanted sexual experiences and sexual risks in gay and bisexual men: Associations among revictimization, substance use, and psychiatric symptoms

Abstract: 2001) Unwanted sexual experiences and sexual risks in gay and bisexual men: Associations among revictimization, substance use, and psychiatric symptoms

Cited by 134 publications

References 29 publications

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Sexual Risk Behavior In Men Attending Mardi Gras Celebrations In New Orleans, Louisiana

The Association of Partner Abuse with Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Women and Men with HIV/AIDS

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