Up-conversion in Pr 3+ : CsCdBr 3

Temperature dependence of excited-state relaxation processes of Pr3+ in Pr-doped and Pr, Gd-doped CsCdBr3

“…1) shows that upconversion is associated only with majority-site pairs. We note that some earlier studies had originally attributed upconversion to asymmetric pairs of the type Pr-Pr-vacancy [6][7][8], but it has since been argued that the reported upconversion arises from symmetrical pairs [10,17]. Our data is consistent with the latter interpretation.…”

“…Finally, we note that several studies have reported lifetimes for 3 P 1 emission in Pr-Pr pairs at Tp4.2 K [6,7,10]. The results presented here suggest that it is possible that these authors have, in the absence of 3 P 1 emission from symmetrical pairs at these temperatures, inadvertently measured 3 P 1 emission from minor sites.…”

“…The present study builds on and, in some cases, clarifies previous work on the luminescence properties and energylevel structure of Pr 3+ in CsCdBr 3 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. It is the first study on Pr-doped CsCdBr 3 that uses temperature dependence and comparative luminescence properties of Pr-Pr and Pr-Gd pairs to discern excited-state pair relaxation mechanisms.…”

Optical observation of the kinetics of thermalization between the 3P0 and 3P1 excited states of Pr3+ in symmetrical Pr3+–Gd3+ pairs in CsCdBr3

“…In these compounds, Pr exists primarily as Pr 3+ -Pr 3+ pairs. In Pr 3+ -Pr 3+ pairs, strong cross-relaxation processes [8][9][10] compete with multiphonon processes for the deactivation of 3 P 1 , so that the thermalization processes described in the present study are not distinguishable.…”

“…There are a number of published studies on the energy levels and spectroscopic properties of Pr 3+ in Pr-doped CsCdBr 3 [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In these compounds, Pr exists primarily as Pr 3+ -Pr 3+ pairs.…”