Up-conversion luminescence saturation under pulsed excitation of erbium-doped, SiO2–TiO2 sol–gel powders

REVO4‐Based Nanomaterials (RE = Y, La, Gd, and Lu) as Hosts for Yb3+/Ho3+, Yb3+/Er3+, and Yb3+/Tm3+ Ions: Structural and Up‐Conversion Luminescence Studies

“…It means that there is a competence between UC processes and nonradiative decays (being a result of multiphonon/cross‐relaxation, energy transfer to impurities, or other additional processes) for the depletion of Ln 3+ intermediate excited states . Lower than theoretical slope values suggest that UC processes are dominant in the synthesized samples, rather than linear decays . In addition, a local thermal effect induced by laser exposure can be considered.…”

“…52 Lower than theoretical slope values suggest that UC processes are dominant in the synthesized samples, rather than linear decays. 52,60,61 In addition, a local thermal effect induced by laser exposure can be considered. The origin of these phenomena is the enhancement of the temperature with the increasing power of excitation light and the corresponding UC luminescence temperature.…”

Crystal growth and spectroscopic properties of Er3+ions doped CdF2single crystals

“…Other authors have investigated the mid and near infrared erbium transitions, either directly or by two step excitation of the 4 I 9/2 level, and have described the fluorescence kinetics decay of the 4.6 µm transition from the same level [5,6]. The coherent emissions at visible wavelength can also be obtained from Er 3+ through energy up-conversion mechanisms in many glasses and single crystals [7][8][9][10]. In addition, alkaline-earth fluorides are attractive materials as laser hosts because of their large rare earth ion admittance and their large electromagnetic domain transparency, which extends from near UV to middle infrared.…”