Up in the Air: A Global Estimate of Non-Violent Drone Use 2009-2015

Choi-Fitzpatrick, Austin; Chavarria, Dana; Cychosz, Elizabeth; Dingens, John Paul; Duffey, Michael R.; Koebel, Katherine; Siriphanh, Sirisack; Tulen, Merlyn Yurika; Watanabe, Heath; Juskauskas, Tautvydas; Holland, John Christopher; Almquist, Lars

doi:10.22371/08.2016.001

Cited by 47 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For example, Paris https://www.francetvinfo.fr/meteo/inondations/video-la-crue-de-la-seine-filmeepar-un-drone-a-paris_2580526.html and Florida https://unmanned-aerial.com/drones-artificialintelligence-impacted-hurricane-irma-claims-response). However, in Nepal drones have been banned after their use in the earthquake, because of a privacy conflict due to having captured images on heritage sites [60]. Privacy issue for drone applications is an extremely sensitive issue, as analyzed by the works of Silvana Pedrozo and Francisco Klauser (sociologists).…”

Section: Privacy In the Use Of Dronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharpening the Scythe of Technological Change: Socio-Technical Challenges of Autonomous and Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems

Cancila

Gerstenmayer²,

Espinoza

2018

Designs

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Autonomous and Adaptative Cyber-Physical Systems (ACPS) represent a new knowledge frontier of converging “nano-bio-info-cogno” technologies and applications. ACPS have the ability to integrate new `mutagenic’ technologies, i.e., technologies able to cause mutations in the society. Emerging approaches, such as artificial intelligence techniques and deep learning, enable exponential speedups for supporting increasingly higher levels of autonomy and self-adaptation. In spite of this disruptive landscape, however, deployment and broader adoption of ACPS in safety-critical scenarios remains challenging. In this paper, we address some challenges that are stretching the limits of ACPS safety engineering, including tightly related aspects such as ethics and resilience. We argue that a paradigm change is needed that includes the entire socio-technical aspects, including trustworthiness, responsibility, liability, as well as the ACPS ability to learn from past events, anticipate long-term threads and recover from unexpected behaviors.

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Section: Privacy In the Use Of Dronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharpening the Scythe of Technological Change: Socio-Technical Challenges of Autonomous and Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems

Cancila

Gerstenmayer²,

Espinoza

2018

Designs

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“…In the response to the Haiti Earthquake in 2010, UNOSAT 1 used drones to complement satellite imagery and to map internally displaced populations. In 2013, the first cargo 1 3 drones were used to deliver medical supplies (Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick et al 2016). More recently, in 2019 the South Pacific Nation of Vanautu, with the support of UNICEF, is using drones to deliver the vaccines as part of their 'childhood vaccine program'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of drones for humanitarian aid is seen as a wonderful opportunity to harness the power of innovation in providing disaster relief to those in need (Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick et al 2016;Auston Choi-Fitzpatrick 2014;Bart Custers 2016;Haidari et al 2016;Jack Chow 2012;Meier 2014;Momont 2014). Specifically, drones promise to solve the problem of access where security and protection problems are a major concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drones in humanitarian contexts, robot ethics, and the human–robot interaction

Wynsberghe

2019

Ethics Inf Technol

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There are two dominant trends in the humanitarian care of 2019: the 'technologizing of care' and the centrality of the humanitarian principles. The concern, however, is that these two trends may conflict with one another. Faced with the growing use of drones in the humanitarian space there is need for ethical reflection to understand if this technology undermines humanitarian care. In the humanitarian space, few agree over the value of drone deployment; one school of thought believes drones can provide a utility serving those in need while another believes the large scale deployment of drones will exacerbate the already prevalent issues facing humanitarian aid providers. We suggest in this paper that the strength of the humanitarian principles approach to answer questions of aid provision can be complimented by a technology-facing approach, namely that of robot ethics. We have shown that for humanitarian actors we ought to be concerned with the risks of a loss of contextualization and de-skilling. For the beneficiary, we raise three concerns associated with the threat to the principle of humanity for this group: a loss of dignity by reducing human-to-human interactions; a threat to dignity through a lack of informational transparency; and, a threat to dignity by failing to account for the physiological and behavioral impacts of the drone on human actors. Although we acknowledge the obstacles (and dangers) associated with understanding the physiological and behavioral impacts we insist that the moral acceptability and desirability of drones in humanitarian contexts is dependent on the findings from such studies and that tailored ethical guidelines for drone deployment in humanitarian action be created to reflect the results of such studies.

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“…Rapid medical response teams using the ground vehicles are, usually, deployed in distributed manners for timely supply of aid to persons in affected areas. However, this is not an easy task in remote places [1,2] due to the possibility of challenging terrains and dense populations. The time taken by the team to reach the field depends on multiple factors and may vary, which is not affordable in emergencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadcopter-Based Rapid Response First-Aid Unit with Live Video Monitoring

Rizwan

Shehzad

Awais

2019

Drones

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Air transport is the fastest way to reach areas with no direct land routes for ambulances. This paper presents the development of a quadcopter-based rapid response unit in an efficient aerial aid system to eliminate the delay time for first aid supplies. The system comprises a health monitoring and calling system for a field person working in open areas and a base station with the quadcopter. In an uncertain situation, the quadcopter is deployed from the base station towards the field person for immediate help through the specified path using constant Global System for Mobile (GSM)- and Global Positioning System (GPS)-based connections. The entire operation can be monitored at the base station with a Virtual Reality (VR) head-tracking system supported by a smartphone. The camera installed on the quadcopter is synchronized with the operator’s head movement while wearing a VR head-tracking system at the base station. Moreover, an Infrared (IR)-based obstacle-evasion model is implemented separately to explain the working of the autonomous collision-avoidance system. The system was tested, which confirmed the reduction in the response time to supply aid to the desired locations.

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Up in the Air: A Global Estimate of Non-Violent Drone Use 2009-2015

Cited by 47 publications

References 3 publications

Sharpening the Scythe of Technological Change: Socio-Technical Challenges of Autonomous and Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems

Sharpening the Scythe of Technological Change: Socio-Technical Challenges of Autonomous and Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems

Drones in humanitarian contexts, robot ethics, and the human–robot interaction

Quadcopter-Based Rapid Response First-Aid Unit with Live Video Monitoring

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