Up-Regulation of Licochalcone A Biosynthesis and Secretion by Tween 80 in Hairy Root Cultures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch

Abstract

We evaluated the effect of Tween 80 as elicitor on licochalcone A from hairy root cultures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. After a 15-days treatment with 2% Tween 80, hairy roots still grew well and produced higher levels of licochalcone A and total flavonoids than the control (without treatment). Licochalcone A content and total flavonoid content were 3.103 and 127.095 mg per flask (9- and 11-fold higher), respectively, compared with controls. Secretion of licochalcone A and total flavonoids into the culture medium was remarkably high, up to 98 and 94% of the total production, respectively. The enhanced flavonoid production was associated with elevated mRNA levels and enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL), and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H). These results clearly demonstrated that Tween 80 treatment permeabilized the roots to enhance secretion, but also acted as an efficient elicitor of licochalcone A and total flavonoid production in hairy roots of G. uralensis Fisch.

Yield Enhancement Strategies for Enhancement of Indole Alkaloids in Hairy Root Cultures of Catharanthus Roseus

“…Tween 80 (Polyoxy ethylene sorbilane monolaurate) widely used in microbial and animal technologies failed to over induce the ajmalicine accumulation in the roots as well in the medium at all tested concentrations However, at 1% v/v the ajmalicine content showed a slight increase which might be due to the increased stress induced on the roots that might have led to cell lysis as the viability was seen to drop to 48%. This is contradictory to the results reported for Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots [13] showing that the effect of the permeabilizing agents cannot be generalized. ANOVA was started with the F-test, the significance level associated with which was P≤0.05.…”

Enhanced release of tanshinones and phenolics by nonionic surfactants from Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots

“…As reported previously, application of permeabilizing agents in cell and hairy root cultures has been shown effective to induce the secretion of secondary metabolites . For example, the application of tween 80 led to the release of 98% licochalcone A produced by Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots into the culture medium and also increased the licochalcone A production by nine‐fold . In our present study, the treatment of S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots by the surfactants effectively stimulated the release of tanshinones (60–73%) and phenolic compounds (30–54%), and also enhanced the production of tanshinones.…”

Assessment of genetic fidelity and composition: Mixed elicitors enhance triterpenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. tissue cultures

“…PHE, an upstream biosynthetic precursor of phenyl-propanoid pathway, could enhance secondary metabolite production in suspension cultures of strawberry and rudbeckia cells, Taxus baccata, Taxus cuspidata, P. corylifolia and Ca. frutescens [7,8,20,34]. Rahimi et al [35] also found that the PHE feeding strategy can effectively stimulate compound accumulation in hairy root cultures, which attributed to the tricyclic phenylbenzopyran structure of flavonoids biosynthesis was derived from phenylalanine and malonyl-CoA.…”

“…In addition, flavonoids, which are also active components in G. uralensis, have drawn the attention of researchers due to anti-oxidative, enhancing body immunity and improving physiological functions [6,7]. In recent years, licorice has been increasingly used as a healthy additive formulated into a variety of commercial products, including drugs, foods, drinks and cosmetics, which are marketed in Asian as well as in many other countries around the world [8].…”