Up-Regulation of Mitochondrial Antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase Underpins Persistent Cardiac Nutritional-Preconditioning by Long Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Rat

Abdukeyum, Grace G.; Owen, Alice; Larkin, Theresa A; McLennan, Peter L

doi:10.3390/jcm5030032

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…no short, post-prandial studies) with an intervention duration of 4 weeks to 7 months (the mean trial duration was 7 weeks). In five studies, rats were chosen as an animal model (Abdukeyum et al 2016;Abdukeyum et al 2008;Molinar-Toribio et al 2015;Owen et al 2004;Slee et al 2010), while other studies used mice (Arai et al 2009;Higuchi et al 2006;Huggins et al 2009), pigs (Castellano et al 2010) and rabbits (Ninio et al 2005) in their research. The number of animals per group ranged from 3 to 9.…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all animal studies DHA: EPA ratios were equal or above 2, with the exception of one study where the ratio was 1.2: 1 (Castellano et al 2010). Five trials were conducted with male animals only (Abdukeyum et al 2016;Abdukeyum et al 2008;Castellano et al 2010;Higuchi et al 2006;Owen et al 2004), three trials were conducted with female animals only (Arai et al 2009;Huggins et al 2009;Molinar-Toribio et al 2015), and in two trials the sex of the animals was not specified (Ninio et al 2005;Slee et al 2010).…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How does high DHA fish oil affect health? A systematic review of evidence

Fard

Wang

Sinclair

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

192

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The health benefits of fish oil, and its omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content, have attracted much scientific attention in the last four decades. Fish oils that contain higher amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) than docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), in a distinctive ratio of 18/12, are typically the most abundantly available and are commonly studied. Although the two fatty acids have traditionally been considered together, as though they were one entity, different physiological effects of EPA and DHA have recently been reported. New oils containing a higher quantity of DHA compared with EPA, such as fractionated and concentrated fish oil, tuna oil, calamari oil and microalgae oil, are increasingly becoming available on the market, and other oils, including those extracted from genetically modified oilseed crops, soon to come. This systematic review focuses on the effects of high DHA fish oils on various human health conditions, such as the heart and cardiovascular system, the brain and visual function, inflammation and immune function and growth/Body Mass Index. Although inconclusive results were reported in several instances, and inconsistent outcomes observed in others, current data provides substantiated evidence in support of DHA being a beneficial bioactive compound for heart, cardiovascular and brain function, with different, and at times complementary, effects compared with EPA. DHA has also been reported to be effective in slowing the rate of cognitive decline, while its possible effects on depression disorders are still unclear. Interestingly, gender- and age- specific divergent roles for DHA have also been reported. This review provides a comprehensive collection of evidence and a critical summary of the documented physiological effects of high DHA fish oils for human health.

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Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does high DHA fish oil affect health? A systematic review of evidence

Fard

Wang

Sinclair

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lipid peroxide products can interact with transcription factors, such as nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), causing a signalling cascade that results in the upregulation of endogenous antioxidants (Parvez et al, 2018). In rats, n-3 PUFA supplementation increases basal lipid oxidative damage and the upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzyme capacity in hearts (Abdukeyum et al, 2016). The increased antioxidant capacity in the supplemented rats at rest meant that during an acute oxidative challenge, the rats were better able to manage ROS production and accrued less damage (Abdukeyum et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rats, n-3 PUFA supplementation increases basal lipid oxidative damage and the upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzyme capacity in hearts (Abdukeyum et al, 2016). The increased antioxidant capacity in the supplemented rats at rest meant that during an acute oxidative challenge, the rats were better able to manage ROS production and accrued less damage (Abdukeyum et al, 2016). Potentially, increasing dietary PUFA may increase lipid damage at rest but also increase antioxidant capacity and, as such, lower oxidative damage during endurance flight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight muscle protein damage during endurance flight is related to energy expenditure but not dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in a migratory bird

Dick

Guglielmo

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Migration poses many physiological challenges for birds, including sustaining high intensity aerobic exercise for hours or days. A consequence of endurance flight is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production may be influenced by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which, although prone to oxidative damage, may limit mitochondrial ROS production and increase antioxidant capacity. We examined how flight muscles manage oxidative stress during flight, and whether dietary long-chain PUFA influence ROS management or damage. Yellow-rumped warblers were fed diets low in PUFA, or high in long-chain n-3 or n-6 PUFA. Flight muscle was sampled from birds in each diet treatment at rest or immediately after flying for up to a maximum of 360 min in a wind tunnel. Flight increased flight muscle superoxide dismutase activity but had no effect on catalase activity. The ratio of glutathione to glutathione disulphide decreased during flight. Oxidative protein damage, indicated by protein carbonyls, increased with flight duration (Pearson r=0.4). Further examination of just individuals that flew for 360 min (N=15) indicates that oxidative damage was related more to total energy expenditure (Pearson r=0.86) than to flight duration itself. This suggests that high quality individuals with higher flight efficiency have not only lower energy costs but also potentially less oxidative damage to repair after arrival at the destination. No significant effects of dietary long-chain PUFA were observed on antioxidants or damage. Overall, flight results in oxidative stress and the degree of damage is likely driven more by energy costs than fatty acid nutrition.

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“…[132,133] In addition, a lower MVO 2 could diminish vulnerability to arrhythmia through the energetic maintenance of transmembrane potentials during episodes of ischemia.…”

Section: Ischemia/reperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular health: a molecular view into structure and function

Calvo¹,

Martínez²,

Torres³

et al. 2017

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How to cite this article: Calvo MJ, Martínez MS, Torres W, Chávez-Castillo M, Luzardo E, Villasmil N, Salazar J, Velasco M, Bermúdez V. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular health: a molecular view into structure and function. Vessel Plus 2017;1:116-28.Given the notorious impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the current leading cause of mortality worldwide, the prevention, identification and management of CV risk factors represents a priority in daily clinical practice. Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on CV health. Their derivatives, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, intervene in multiple metabolic pathways, including: regulation of the inflammatory response, by reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines; regulation of platelet aggregation, activation and adhesion, by modulating thromboxane A2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity; regulation of the coagulation pathways, by reducing the carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors; improvement of endothelial function, given their effects on prostaglandin synthesis and endothelial nitric oxide synthase; reduction of serum lipids, through their effects on the hepatic synthesis of triacylglycerides, beta-oxidation of fatty acids and lipoprotein catabolism; and improvement of myocardial function via their membrane-stabilizing effects, and an increase in fluidity, size and distribution of membrane lipid rafts. Nevertheless, these effects appear to vary according to the type of PUFA ingested, dietary sources, daily dosing and individual factors inherent to the subject. Therefore, further studies are required to determine the ideal supplementation for each kind of patient and their particular CV profiles. Key words:Cardiovascular disease, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaeonic acid ABSTRACTArticle history:

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Up-Regulation of Mitochondrial Antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase Underpins Persistent Cardiac Nutritional-Preconditioning by Long Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Rat

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

How does high DHA fish oil affect health? A systematic review of evidence

How does high DHA fish oil affect health? A systematic review of evidence

Flight muscle protein damage during endurance flight is related to energy expenditure but not dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in a migratory bird

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular health: a molecular view into structure and function

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