Upcoming Challenges of Future Electric Power Systems: Sustainability and Resiliency

Abstract

Going back and taking a quick glance at the history of developed countries prove that prosperity of any society is tightly intertwined with resiliency and sustainability of its preliminary infrastructures. Surely, in modern societies, electricity is among the most important infrastructures whose resiliency and sustainability are a key driving force toward development of the society. This is veri ed by the fact that since the industrial revolution, per capita electricity consumption has been taken as a key index showing the level of economic development and standard of living in a country. This paper focuses on the concept of resiliency and sustainability of electric power systems. The paper, initially, introduces the concept and evaluation procedure of power systems resiliency. Then, it strives to introduce the most challenging issues faced by resilient and sustainable power grids. The challenging issues are electricity load growth, energy crisis, environmental emissions and climate changes, unexpected events, aging infrastructures, and cyber challenges. Then, the most e ective solutions proposed by power industry scientists and engineers are discussed. The solutions are asset management, renewable energy resources, demand response, controlled islanding and micro-grids, automation, selfhealing, and monitoring systems. Finally, a typical sustainable and resilient power system is described.

A critical reviewon definitions, indices, and uncertainty characterizationin resiliency‐orientedoperation ofpower systems

“… Different definitions and classifications of resiliency in various domains and power systems. Although the definition of resiliency in the power system area has been presented in the previous research works, 4,17,19‐25 to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no research work in the literature that reviews diverse definitions and classifications of resiliency in different areas, including power systems. Differences between resiliency and other damage‐related concepts, including accessibility , durability , flexibility , hardening , maintainability , reliability , stability , survivability , sustainability , and vulnerability . It is worth noting that the resiliency concept has been previously compared with five related concepts (including hardening, reliability, stability, sustainability, and vulnerability) in Refs.…”

“…It is worth noting that the resiliency concept has been previously compared with five related concepts (including hardening, reliability, stability, sustainability, and vulnerability) in Refs. 4,11,17,19,20. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no research work in the literature thoroughly analyzing the 10 above‐mentioned damage‐related concepts.…”

A Decentralized Energy Trading Framework for Active Distribution Networks with Multiple-Microgrids under Uncertainty

“…MGs may act as either a power source or a load when they are connected to an Active Distribution Network (ADN) or they can work individually during islanded operation. These features have a great significance in promoting economic resiliency and reliability of ADNs [1,2]. Given the increasing growth of MGs in ADNs, the coordinated operation of ADN and several MGs has become a new research hotspot.…”

Market design for integration of renewables into transactive energy systems

“…Widespread adoption of digital technologies in modern customers' equipment and increased integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) such as rooftop photovoltaic units, electric vehicles (EVs), and distributed energy storage systems (DESSs) has created new opportunities for the active involvement of customers in grid operation. In this environment, customers are not passive consumers since they can actively fulfil their energy demand more flexibly and offer their excess energy to the grid [1]. They are, in fact, prosumers who are able to effectively interact with the supply sector to manage their energy costs and facilitate the efficient and secure operation of the distribution system.…”