Upconversion 3D Bioprinting for Noninvasive In Vivo Molding

Abstract

Tissue engineered bracket materials provide essential support for the physiological protection and therapeutics of patients. Unfortunately, the implantation process of such devices poses the risk of surgical complications and infection. In this study, an upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)‐assisted 3D bioprinting approach was developed to realise in‐vivo moulding that is free from invasive surgery. Reasonably designed UCNPs, which convert near‐infrared (NIR) photons that penetrate skin tissues into blue‐violet emission (300–500 nm), induce a monomer polymerisation curing procedure in‐vivo. Using a fused deposition modeling coordination framework, a precisely predetermined trajectory of the NIR laser enabled the manufacture of implantable medical devices with tailored shapes. A proof of the 3D bioprinting of a noninvasive fracture fixation scaffold was achieved successfully, thus demonstrating an entirely new method of in‐vivo moulding for biomedical treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Interfacial Engineering of High-Performance Upconversion Hydrogels with Orthogonal NIR Photochemistry in Vivo for Synergistic Noninvasive Biofilm Elimination and Tissue Repair

“…Moreover, oxygen quenches the active photoinitiator radicals, impeding hydrogel precursors’ photopolymerization beneath the skin . Typical NIR-upconversion photochemistry only involves one chemical reaction, primarily suitable for creating single-network hydrogels with modest mechanical properties. − Furthermore, the interfacial effect between polymer matrices and UCNPs is a rare concern for NIRUCHs’ preparation and properties, limiting the ability to fine-tune their mechanical and multifunctional properties, for enhanced tissue therapy. Thus, the rapid fabrication of injectable, printable, tough, and high-performance NIRUCHs in vivo remains a significant challenge for noninvasive deep-layered therapies in tissue engineering.…”