Upconversion nanoparticle-decorated gold nanoshells for near-infrared induced heating and thermometry

Abstract

The present work involves the design of a multifunctional system based on gold nanoshells (AuNSs) decorated with lanthanide-based upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) intended as an optical heater and temperature probe at the nanoscale.

Effect of Mn2+ on Upconversion Emission, Thermal Sensing and Optical Heater Behavior of Yb3+ - Er3+ Codoped NaGdF4 Nanophosphors

“…The temperatures at different power densities are calculated through Equation (2). As shown in Figure 7, the temperature exhibits a linearly increasing tendency with the power density increase (Rohani et al, 2015; Nigoghossian et al, 2017b). The slopes of without and with Mn 2+ doped powders are 0.109 and 0.117, respectively.…”

Controllable Synthesis of Upconversion Nanophosphors toward Scale‐Up Productions

“…[ 35 ] It was then successfully adopted in the preparation of NaREF 4 from lanthanide oxides and trifluoroacetic acid, using lanthanide trifluoroacetate as precursors. [ 36 ] Currently, this synthesis method has been successfully adopted into various preparation processes for a wide range of UCNPs, including LiYF 4 , [ 37 ] NaGdF 4 , [ 38 ] Sr 2 YF 7 , [ 39 ] and LaOBr. [ 40 ] The synthesis approach used includes four stages.…”

“…Even though the relationship between optical performance and morphology of UCNPs have had been well understood, [ 23–26 ] relevant developments on commercializing such nanomaterials are hampered due to scaling‐up production process, where bottlenecks normally exist in the reproducibility, repeatability as well as the yield from these methods. By recapping these reported synthesis methods, for example, thermal decomposition, [ 35–40 ] co‐precipitation, [ 60–66 ] hydrothermal, [ 73–78 ] and ion exchange, [ 98–101 ] a common characteristics is discovered that these processes require large amounts of solvents, which easily lead to nonuniform precursor concentrations and temperature distributions. This characteristic represents an essential challenge in managing thermodynamic equilibrium for a smooth and uniform synthesis in lab, [ 27,28 ] and the scale‐up process where the breaking of local thermodynamic equilibrium is likely to occur to yield the uncontrollable changes on the phases and other features for the particle, especially the luminescent performance.…”

Experimental measurement of local high temperature at the surface of gold nanorods using doped ZnGa2O4as a nanothermometer

“…Another approach is to consider separated nanoheaters and nanothermometer functions. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Experimental methods have recently been developed, as a result of the emergence of new temperature nanoprobes. Rocha et al 17 have investigated core/shell LaF 3 :Nd 3+ /LaF 3 nanoparticles coupled with gold nanorods (GNRs).…”