Upconversion of infrared-to-visible light in Pr3+–Yb3+ codoped fluoroindate glass

Twentyfold blue upconversion emission enhancement through thermal effects in Pr3+/Yb3+-codoped fluoroindate glasses excited at 1.064 μm

“…͑3͒, we have neglected the cross-relaxation mechanism ( 3 P 0 , 2 F 7/2 )→( 1 G 4 , 2 F 5/2 ) from the pair Pr 3ϩ -Yb 3ϩ , for which one would expect that the lifetime of the 3 P 0 level depends upon the Yb 3ϩ concentration and such a behavior was not observed in Pr 3ϩ /Yb 3ϩ -doped fluoroindate glasses. 10 We could also exclude cooperative upconversion of Yb ions since we have observed that the visible fluorescence intensity presented a linear dependence with the concentration of Yb 3ϩ . We have assumed that back transfer from 1 G 4 to 2 F 5/2 does not play a significant role as in the case of ZBLAN.…”

“…Fluoroindate glasses 12 have recently been the subject of much interest owing to their potential application in photonic devices based on rare-earth doped materials. 10,13 The material presents very good optical quality, is stable against atmospheric moisture, exhibits low optical attenuation from 250 nm to 8 m, and due to the low maximum phonon-energy of ϳ510 cm Ϫ1 , 14 is expected to present significantly lower nonradiative decay rates as compared to fluorozirconate glasses ͑ϳ590 cm Ϫ1 ͒. The inclusion of GdF 3 and NaF in the glass composition has considerably reduced the devitrification process and improved the thermal stability, permitting the realization of fluoroindate glass fiber.…”

Investigation of up-conversion luminescence properties of RE/Yb co-doped Y2O3 transparent ceramic (RE=Er, Ho, Pr, and Tm)

“…The intensity band centered at 980 nm is due to the Yb 3 þ ion. The emission spectrum has only one peak centered at 538 nm corresponding to 3 P 0 -3 H 4 transition of Pr 3 þ ion [21].…”

“…Unlike the other RE ions, under 980 nm pumping, the green emission from Pr 3 þ ion is mainly attributed to the photon avalanche mechanism [22,23]. The process can be expressed as follows [24]:…”

Violet and blue light amplification in Nd3+-doped fluoroindate glasses

“…7 Fluoroindate glasses ͑FIGs͒ belong to this class of materials and they have been extensively studied in the last years. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Besides a large efficiency as frequency upconverters, FIGs are known to have a high resistance to moisture with good chemical and mechanical stability and a large transparency window ͑0.2-8 m͒.…”