Upcycling textile waste using pyrolysis process

Lee, Hee Sue; Jung, Sungwook; Lin, Kun‐Yi Andrew; Kwon, Eilhann E.; Lee, Jechan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160393

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The distinct chemical compositions and physical properties of both PET fibers and cellulose contribute to the difficulties in finding a single solvent or method that can selectively dissolve one part while leaving another part intact and also make it difficult to achieve a clean and efficient separation process. Researchers have been exploring various techniques to address this challenge and develop efficient methods for separating cellulose and PET from polyester–cotton blends [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. To recycle high-quality cotton from polyester–cotton fabrics, cotton and PET must be separated chemically through depolymerization using a different solvent, such as methylmorpholine N -oxide (NMMO), to dissolve cotton while removing PET fibers with filtration [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Nanocellulose from Polyester–Cotton Textile Waste for Modification of Film Composites

Srichola,

Witthayolankowit,

Sukyai

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Textile waste has emerged as a critical global challenge, with improper disposal practices leading to adverse environmental consequences. In response to this pressing issue, there is growing interest in recycling textile waste containing cellulose as an alternative approach to reducing the impact of industrial waste on the environment. The objective of this research is to investigate the extraction and characterization of nanocellulose from polyester–cotton textile waste as a potential solution to address the growing concerns of waste management in the textile industry. To obtain nanocellulose, a comprehensive process involving alkaline sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment of the polyester–cotton textile (35% PET and 65% cotton) was employed, resulting in average yield percentages ranging from 62.14% to 71.21%. To achieve the complete hydrolysis of PET polyester in the blends, second hydrolysis was employed, and the optimized condition yield cotton fiber was 65.06 wt%, relatively close to the theoretical yield. Subsequently, the obtained cellulosic material underwent an acid hydrolysis process using 70 percent (v/v) sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution at 45 °C for 90 min, resulting in nanocellulose. Centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 15 min facilitated the separation of nanocellulose from the acid solution and yielded 56.26 wt% at optimized conditions. The characterization of the nanocellulose was carried out utilizing a comprehensive array of techniques, including absorption, transmission, and reflection spectra, and Fourier transform infrared. The characterization results provide valuable insights into the unique properties of nanocellulose extracted from textile waste. In this research, the obtained nanocellulose was mixed with PVA and silver nanoparticle to form biodegradable film composites as the reinforcement. In comparison, biodegradable film of PVA:nanocellulose 9.5:0.5 with silver nanoparticle 0.3 wt% and glycerol as a plasticizer exhibits better tensile strength (2.37 MPa) and elongation (214.26%) than the PVA film with normal cellulose. The prepared biodegradable film was homogeneous and had a smooth surface without the internal defect confirmed by the CT scan. This result opens avenues for enhancing the quantities of eco-friendly film composites, potentially replacing conventional plastic films in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Nanocellulose from Polyester–Cotton Textile Waste for Modification of Film Composites

Srichola,

Witthayolankowit,

Sukyai

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…In the case of textiles, pyrolysis offers an upcycling opportunity instead of being disposed in landfill. 111 However, pyrolysis to pyrolytic oils or gas results in an economic value lost since ϵ-caprolactam is derived from fossil feedstocks as described in section 1.…”

Section: Thermal Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During pyrolysis of PA, toxic HCN, CO, CO 2 , and NH 3 can be produced, 110 where the nitrogen containing compounds can be further converted into NO x in the presence of O 2 . In the case of textiles, pyrolysis offers an upcycling opportunity instead of being disposed in landfill 111 . However, pyrolysis to pyrolytic oils or gas results in an economic value lost since ɛ ‐caprolactam is derived from fossil feedstocks as described in section 1.…”

Section: Thermal Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of polyamides: Processes and conditions

Hirschberg

Rodrigue

2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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Polyamides (PA) are a family of engineering thermoplastics used in a wide range of applications including automotive, building, construction, separation processes, textiles, and so forth. This is related to their good properties (mechanical and thermal) which can also be modified by additives, other polymers (blends and multilayers) and fillers (composites). But these complex systems (several components) make the final materials more difficult to recycle. In this review, basic statistics on the production rate of polyamides are presented and the different recycling methods are reported to compare their advantages and limitations with respect to economics and technical analyses. The discussion includes biological, chemical, mechanical, physical, and thermal treatments to reintroduce, as much as possible, the parts after their end‐of‐service. Finally, a general conclusion on the current state of PA recycling is presented with several openings for future developments to satisfy the concept of circular economy and general sustainability.

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“…New technologies open up new prospects for waste disposal, as they allow one to obtain more valuable products, that is, to implement the ideology of upcycling. This problem is still among the primary issues and awaits its solution by involving various chemical and biochemical processes, such as pyrolysis [25]. For example, biotechnology and advanced chemical technologies, including green chemistry technologies, transform cotton textile materials into glucose and further into biobased building blocks [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and attitude toward upcycling according to the survey of students of various specialities

Derkach,

Bilianska,

Yaroshenko

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The attitude to upcycling technologies of undergraduate students of five specialities (design, clothing industry technology, vocational education and training, industrial pharmacy and psychology) and their teachers was investigated using the questionnaire method. Students’ pReferences practically do not depend on specialities. For all students, subgroups of upcycling enthusiasts and sceptics are observed which regularly resort to upcycling or almost do not use it. An almost complete misunderstanding and imperception of the benefits and importance of upcycling is a key and common problem. Social factors have a minimal influence on the opinion of respondents, which may indicate a lack of understanding in society of the role and importance of waste management. All the shortcomings and problems in understanding upcycling are common to students and teachers. In general, the positive attitude towards upcycling and the intention to use upcycling in life in the answers most likely has an unconscious and artificial character (like a fashion trend) because the attitude towards other formative factors does not support it. The identified problems are related to the shortcomings of secondary school and undergraduate curricula, which hinder the formation of the necessary competencies for sustainable development. Methods of their solution are proposed and discussed.

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Upcycling textile waste using pyrolysis process

Cited by 34 publications

References 77 publications

Recycling of Nanocellulose from Polyester–Cotton Textile Waste for Modification of Film Composites

Recycling of Nanocellulose from Polyester–Cotton Textile Waste for Modification of Film Composites

Recycling of polyamides: Processes and conditions

Understanding and attitude toward upcycling according to the survey of students of various specialities

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