Update and Review of Pediatric Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Lewin, Adam B.; Storch, Eric A.; Adkins, Jennifer W.; Merlo, Lisa J.; Murphy, Tanya K.; Goodman, Wayne K.; Geffken, Gary R.

doi:10.3928/00485713-20050901-07

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Childhood OCD is a heterogeneous illness with comorbidity found to be the norm rather than the exception [ 17 , 22 , 29 , 44 ]. Comorbid psychopathology may also have implications for the clinical treatment of childhood OCD [ 27 , 46 ] and consequently, a better understanding of the impact of comorbidity on OCD in children and adolescents is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of comorbid anxiety and externalizing disorders in childhood obsessive compulsive disorder

Langley¹,

Lewin

Bergman³

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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The present study examines the influence of diagnostic comorbidity on the demographic, psychiatric, and functional status of youth with a primary diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Two hundred and fifteen children (ages 5–17) referred to a university-based OCD specialty clinic were compared based on DSM-IV diagnostic profile: OCD without comorbid anxiety or externalizing disorder, OCD plus anxiety disorder, and OCD plus externalizing disorder. No age or gender differences were found across groups. Higher OCD severity was found for the OCD + ANX group, while the OCD + EXT group reported greater functional impairment than the other two groups. Lower family cohesion was reported by the OCD + EXT group compared to the OCD group and the OCD + ANX group reported higher family conflict compared to the OCD + EXT group. The OCD + ANX group had significantly lower rates of tic disorders while rates of depressive disorders did not differ among the three groups. The presence of comorbid anxiety and externalizing psychopathology are associated with greater symptom severity and functional and family impairment and underscores the importance of a better understanding of the relationship of OCD characteristics and associated disorders. Results and clinical implications are further discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of comorbid anxiety and externalizing disorders in childhood obsessive compulsive disorder

Langley¹,

Lewin

Bergman³

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…OCD pathogenesis involves neuroanatomy, biochemical, genetic, and environmental factors. Brain structures that are associated with obsessive compulsive disorder include the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, thalamus, and the basal ganglia, which are all involved in the cortical-striatal circuit [38]. MRI and fMRI scans have demonstrated structural abnormalities for individuals with OCD.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRI and fMRI scans have demonstrated structural abnormalities for individuals with OCD. Biochemical factors that have been identified to play a role include neurotransmitters like serotonin [38,39], and in fact, serotonin changes have been shown to change purely with an intensive exposure and response prevention treatment [40]. Genetic factors also appear to have a strong influence on the development of early-onset OCD.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestation and Treatment of OCD and Spectrum Disorders within a Pediatric Population

Neziroglu¹,

Fruchter²

2019

Anxiety Disorders - From Childhood to Adulthood

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The following chapter describes the presentation, impact, and treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in a pediatric population. Similarities and differences in the assessment and treatment of childhood-onset OCD and adult-onset OCD are noted. Children with OCD may struggle with additional mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and ADHD. The authors discuss the importance of addressing comorbid mental health conditions and clarify factors that may be involved in differential diagnosis. Additionally, the impact of the family environment and parent-child interactions on children with OCD is reviewed. It is common for pediatric and adult individuals with OCD to involve close family members in OCD-related behaviors in some capacity. Accommodation refers to family members' modification of their own behavior in order to assist in their child's OCD-related rituals. Addressing family accommodation in treatment can substantially impact treatment outcomes in children with OCD. Finally, evidence-based treatment modalities for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder are explored including cognitive behavior therapy and psychiatric medication.

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