Update on Campylobacter vaccine development

Abstract

Background: Acute diarrheal disease caused by viral, bacterial and parasitic infections are a major global health problem with substantial mortality and morbidity in children under five years of age in lower and middle income countries. However, a number of these infections also impact large segments of populations in upper income countries, as well as individuals who travel overseas for work, business or pleasure. Campylobacter has been and continues to be a leading cause of disease burden globally across all income countries. Aims: The aim of this review is to describe recent understanding in burden of disease, consider the current landscape of Campylobacter vaccine development, and address the challenges that need to be overcome. Sources: Relevant data from the literature as well as clinical trials described in European and US registries were used to conduct this review. Content: Despite advances in population health, food security, improved sanitation, water quality and the reduction of poverty, Campylobacter infections continue to plague global populations. The emerging recognition of chronic health consequences attributed to this pathogen is changing the potential valuation of preventive interventions. Advancing development of new vaccines is a present opportunity and holds promise.

Enhanced Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Campylobacter jejuni Conjugate Vaccine Coadministered with Liposomes Containing Monophosphoryl Lipid A and QS-21

“…To follow on the success of the preclinical studies, a CPS-CRM conjugate vaccine GMP-manufactured from a mutant strain of 81-176 lacking LOS, known as CJCV1, was tested in a phase 1 study with or without alum at 4-week intervals (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02067676) (19). Although the vaccine was safe, it was weakly immunogenic, likely because it was delivered in only two doses unlike all the preclinical studies which utilized three doses.…”

New and alternative strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter

“…For human use, various vaccine candidates, such as killed whole cells vaccines, subunit vaccines, and capsule polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, have been investigated, [120][121][122] but many of these vaccine efforts were abandoned due to safety concerns or lack of efficacy in human clinical trials. 123 For detailed information on human Campylobacter vaccine development, we refer readers to a recent update by Poly and coauthors. 123 Currently there are no commercial vaccines on the market for human use.…”

“…123 For detailed information on human Campylobacter vaccine development, we refer readers to a recent update by Poly and coauthors. 123 Currently there are no commercial vaccines on the market for human use. On the contrary, commercial vaccines have been utilized to control Campylobacter-induced infertility and abortion in cattle and sheep.…”

In silico analysis of epitope-based CadF vaccine design against Campylobacter jejuni

“…The previous studies have reported some candidates to suggest an effective vaccine against C. jejuni. Despite many efforts to make a vaccine, no approved vaccine against C. jejuni has been developed as suitable so far [17,18].…”