Update on Imaging of Hearing Loss

Shah, Lubdha M.; Wiggins, Richard H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-48563-0.00008-8

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…This included material‐filled bullae in 16% and bulla wall thickening in 20% of the dogs, excluding six dogs with neurological signs. The overall higher percentage of OM and bulla wall thickening compared with the present study might be explained by a combination of factors: higher percentages of brachycephalic dogs, MRI underdiagnosis of thick osseous bulla walls in the absence of mucosal inflammation or intraluminal material, and possibly the presence of intratympanic tympanosclerosis …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…The overall higher percentage of OM and bulla wall thickening compared with the present study might be explained by a combination of factors: higher percentages of brachycephalic dogs, MRI underdiagnosis of thick osseous bulla walls in the absence of mucosal inflammation or intraluminal material, and possibly the presence of intratympanic tympanosclerosis. 11 Bulla wall thickening and accumulation of material in the tympanic cavity have been reported in brachycephalic breeds unrelated to clinical ear disease. 16,17,20 A CTbased morphometric study found significantly thicker tympanic bulla walls in FBD and EBD and a very high prevalence (80%) of middle ear effusion in FBDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, high-resolution CT serves mainly to describe the osseous structures, whereas MRI is used to provide detailed investigation of the soft tissue structures of the middle ear, membranous inner ear and adjacent brain parenchyma. [10][11][12] There are a number of reports in the veterinary literature of the use of MRI for ear disease, 8,[13][14][15] none focus on chronic OE. A few veterinary reports mention the use of CT in the diagnosis of canine ear disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary imaging modalities in the investigation of ear disease. In humans, high‐resolution CT serves mainly to describe the osseous structures, whereas MRI is used to provide detailed investigation of the soft tissue structures of the middle ear, membranous inner ear and adjacent brain parenchyma . There are a number of reports in the veterinary literature of the use of MRI for ear disease, none focus on chronic OE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occult otitis media in dogs with chronic otitis externa – magnetic resonance imaging and association with otoscopic and cytological findings

Lorek

Dennis

Dijk

et al. 2019

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background Identification of perpetuating factors, such as otitis media (OM), is important for the successful management of canine chronic otitis externa (OE). Hypothesis/Objectives Occult OM can occur in cases of chronic OE; a focused magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination is a useful tool in their management. Animals One hundred twenty one client‐owned dogs presented for investigation and treatment of chronic OE between 2009 and 2018. Methods and materials Mixed retrospective (74 dogs) and prospective (47 dogs) study of chronic OE cases without neurological signs, describing the MRI, otoscopic and cytological findings; comparing cases with and without MRI evidence of OM. Results A total of 123 MRI studies were analysed (two dogs scanned twice). A short, focused MRI scan allowed detection of inflammation of the mucosal bulla lining as well as excellent discrimination between avascular material and vascularised soft tissue in the tympanic cavity. OM was found in 41 of 197 (21%) ears with chronic otitis externa. On otoscopy, the tympanic membrane was intact in six of 41 ears (15%), ruptured in 16 of 41 (39%) and not visible in 14 of 41 (34%) [no data in five of 41 (12%)]. Analysis of cytological findings showed that the presence of rods was only associated with an increased likelihood of OM when found together with inflammatory cells. Conclusions and clinical importance Occult OM is a not uncommon finding on MRI of dogs with chronic OE. A targeted MRI study (“bulla mini‐scan”) may be useful as part of the clinical investigations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%