Update on trematode infections in sheep

Rojo-Vázquez, F.A.; Meana, Aránzazu; Valcárcel, F.; Martínez‐Valladares, María

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.029

Cited by 128 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…The slaughterhouse's survey revealed a very low prevalence of paramphistomosis in sheep (2 %), similar to fi ndings from Iran (0.041 %) (Tehrani et al, 2015) and Turkey (4.43 %) (Ozdal et al, 2010) but was much lower compared to records from Ethiopia (25 %) (Sissay et al, 2007) and India (36.2 %) (Godara et al, 2014). The lower values obtained from sheep coprological analysis and in slaughterhouse's survey could be probably due to the fact that in this species the infection seems to be less frequent than in cattle (Rojo-Vázquez et al, 2012). Regarding cattle, the 10.9 % prevalence found was slightly lower compared to that found about 20 years ago by Scala et al (1997b), (16.9 %) and also compared to French (20 %) (Szmidt-Adjidé et al, 2000) and Spanish (18.8 %) (González-Warleta et al 2013) reports, while were higher compared to the fi ndings reported in Castilla y León, Spain (6.2 %) by Ferreras et al, (2014): indeed these Spanish regions have a very cold and dry climate that may infl uence the parasite life-cycle.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Calicophoron daubneyi in sheep and cattle of Sardinia, Italy

et al. 2016

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SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of paramphistomosis and confi rm the species identity of rumen fl ukes from sheep and cattle of Sardinia (Italy), by molecular methods. From 2011 to 2014, 381 sheep and 59 cattle farms were selected and individual faecal samples were run on 15 sheep and 5 cattle for each farm, respectively. The prevalence at the slaughterhouse was calculated by examination of 356 sheep and 505 cattle. 13adult fl ukes collected from sheep and cattle and 5 belonging to the historical collection of Laboratory of Parasitology at the Department of Veterinary Medicine of Sassari, previously classifi ed as Paramphistomum spp., were used for PCR amplifi cation and sequencing of the ITS2+ rDNA. Previously classifi ed Paramphistomum leydeni from South America were used as controls. The EPG prevalence was 13.9 % and 55.9 % for sheep and cattle farms respectively. At slaughterhouses, paramphistomes were found in 2 % of the sheep and 10.9 % of the examined cows. Conversely to the latest reports, the sequences comparison showed that all the Sardinian rumen fl ukes belong to Calicophoron daubneyi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Calicophoron daubneyi in sheep and cattle of Sardinia, Italy

et al. 2016

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“…Reliance upon clinical signs to diagnose fasciolosis may result in low detection rates (Rojo-Vázquez et al, 2012). MI is a convenient means of confirming a suspected herd or flock infestation, assessing the extent of infestation or determining the effectiveness of anthelmintic treatment (Kissling and Petrey, 1989).…”

Section: Surveillance System Currently In Placementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

2013

EFSA Journal

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A risk ranking process identified Toxoplasma gondii and pathogenic verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) as the most relevant biological hazards for meat inspection of sheep and goats. As these are not detected by traditional meat inspection, a meat safety assurance system using risk-based interventions was proposed. Further studies are required on T. gondii and pathogenic VTEC. If new information confirms these hazards as a high risk to public health from meat from sheep or goats, setting targets at carcass level should be considered. Other elements of the system are risk-categorisation of flocks/herds based on improved Food Chain Information (FCI), classification of abattoirs according to their capability to reduce faecal contamination, and use of improved process hygiene criteria. It is proposed to omit palpation and incision from post-mortem inspection in animals subjected to routine slaughter. For chemical hazards, dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls were ranked as being of high potential concern. Monitoring programmes for chemical hazards should be more flexible and based on the risk of occurrence, taking into account FCI, which should be expanded to reflect the SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by the inspection of meat from sheep and goats. The Panel was supported by the EFSA Panels on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) and Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) in the preparation of this Opinion. Briefly, the main risks for public health that should be addressed by meat inspection were identified and ranked; the strengths and weaknesses of the current meat inspection system were evaluated; recommendations were made for inspection methods fit for the purpose of meeting the overall objectives of meat inspection for hazards currently not covered by the meat inspection system; and recommendations for adaptations of inspection methods and/or frequencies of inspections that provide an equivalent level of protection were made. In addition, the implications for animal health and animal welfare of any changes proposed to current inspection methods were assessed.Sheep and goats were considered together, unless otherwise stated. Decision trees were developed and used for priority ranking of biological and chemical hazards present in meat from sheep and goats. For biological hazards the ranking was based on the magnitude of the human health impact, the severity of the disease in humans and the evidence supporting the role of meat from sheep and goats as a risk factor for disease in humans. The assessment was focused on the public health risks that may occur through the handling, preparation for consumption and/or consumption of meat from these species. The term 'priority' was considered more appropriate than 'risk' for categorizing the biological hazards associated with meat from small rumina...

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“…The pre-patent period for this parasite is at least 3 months, which partly accounts for why it was not observed at necropsy in younger animals. Fascioliasis is recognized as an important cause of sheep mortality and its prevalence is increasing in many parts of the world in association with warmer temperatures [12,13]. Adult sheep exhibited the greatest variety of fatal diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnoses of Primary Cause of Mortality in Domestic Sheep in the North American Intermountain West

Wilson¹,

Baldwin²,

Kelly³

2017

J Vet Sci Technol

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Causes of death of 246 domestic sheep (Ovis aries) necropsied from 2009-2016 at the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory were summarized. Sheep originated from Utah (93%), Idaho (6%) or Wyoming (0.4%). There were 54 fetuses, 21 4 week lambs (1-28 d old), 69 young lambs (29-180 d), 28 older lambs (181-365 d), and 74 adult sheep (>365 d). If no age was provided, age was estimated from body weight based on literature and expert opinion. Of the 45% of sheep with age provided, 90% matched with the body weight estimates. Primary cause of mortality was diagnosed in 228 cases (93%); 6 diseases accounted for 136 (60%) of the diagnoses: abortion 50 (22%), parasitism 29 (13%) (most from H. contortus), pneumonia 19 (8%) (95% bacterial), enteritis/enterotoxemia 17 (7%), bloat 13 (6%), and selenium deficiency 8 (4%). No cause of death was evident in 18 sheep (7%). The most common cause of fetal death was abortion 50 (93%). In 4 week lambs, most common causes were 4 pneumonia (19%), and 3 parasitism (14%). In young lambs, 15 parasitism (22%) (10 Haemonchus contortus), and 10 pneumonia (15%) (9 bacterial pneumonia) predominated. In older lambs, 7 parasitism (25%) (4 H. contortus, 3 Fasciola hepatica), 3 bacterial pneumonia (11%) and 3 clostridial enterotoxemia (11%) were most common. Most common causes of adult sheep death were 5 bloat (7%), 4 H. contortus (5%), 4 peritonitis (5%), 4 bacterial pneumonia (5%), and 4 urolithiasis (5%), a cause of death only found in adult sheep. Control measures for the most common causes of domestic sheep mortality include vaccination and clean lambing environment to reduce abortions, enterotoxemia and other infectious disease, control of parasite infestation, prevention and treatment of pneumonia and bloat, and adequate mineral supplementation.

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Update on trematode infections in sheep

Cited by 128 publications

References 210 publications

Calicophoron daubneyi in sheep and cattle of Sardinia, Italy

Calicophoron daubneyi in sheep and cattle of Sardinia, Italy

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

Diagnoses of Primary Cause of Mortality in Domestic Sheep in the North American Intermountain West

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