Updated Basis Knowledge of Climate Change Summarized from the First part of Thailand’s Second Assessment Report on Climate Change

Limsakul, Atsamon; Kachenchart, Boonlue; Singhruck, Patama; Saramul, Suriyan; Santisirisomboon, Jerasorn; Apipattanavis, Somkiat

doi:10.35762/aer.2019.41.2.1

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Under the dual pressures of anthropogenic activity and weather, it is projected that hypoxia in Thailand will be exacerbated by the intensified ocean warming and more frequent extreme precipitation events over the next century (Limsakul et al, 2019).…”

Section: Upper Gulf Of Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean

Dai

Chai

Chen

et al. 2023

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

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Nutrient loading (notably nitrogen and phosphorus) to coastal oceans from food production, fossil fuel burning, aquaculture operations, and wastewater from humans, livestock, and industry has accelerated during the past decades, causing over-enrichment of nutrients, or eutrophication. Eutrophication degrades coastal water quality with two most common symptoms, hypoxia and harmful algal blooms, creating profound ecological and societal consequences such as biodiversity decline, seagrass loss, coral bleaching, fish kills and marine mammal mortalities, and human health threats. Such marine pollution symptoms have persisted although billions of dollars have been invested in both research and management as well as efforts of restorations in many developed countries. Consequently, we are still witnessing trends in the expansion of coastal eutrophication and hypoxia from developed regions into developing regions. Though the limited efficacy of mitigation witnessed so far suggests the complexity of the issue, we contend that closing the knowledge gaps in the causality between eutrophication and hypoxia is essential and crucial towards making science-and evidence-based policies. We recognize that the non-linear cause-effect relationship in coastal marine ecosystem degradation caused by multi-stressors is complex.The strength and synergistic effect of multiple driving forces of coastal eutrophication is dependent on regional geographic feature, economic development, and societal management, while the long-term trends of eutrophication and hypoxia are subject to the control of the trends in nutrient loadings and physical dynamics under a changing climate. This review also examines lessons from past eutrophication management practices, and advocates for a better, more efficient indexing system of coastal eutrophication and an advanced regional earth system modeling framework to facilitate the development and evaluation of effective policy and restoration actions.

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Section: Upper Gulf Of Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean

Dai

Chai

Chen

et al. 2023

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

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“…The mountain and valley affected to difficult temperature and ventilation process. However, the right side of area had lower slope thus it can easily get humidity from the Pacific Ocean and tropical cyclone (Limsakul et al, 2019), the temperature and ventilation process can be easily to run leading the temperature dropping. Additionally, Chiang Mai-Lamphun basin is the largest basin in the region which had high population living there, leads urbanization activities growing up thus heat dome and high temperature can be appeared there than others (Limsakul et al, 2011;Phumkokrux & Rukverathum;2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of mean monthly maximum temperature in summer of northern region, Thailand using INMCM4.0 model

Phumkokrux

Saengwat

Pattanasak

et al. 2022

B SERBIAN GEOGRAPHIC

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Project aims to simulate Mean Monthly Maximum Temperature (Tasmax) in summer of Northern, Thailand (2020-2030) using INMCM4.0 Model. Observation data of historical period were gathered from 14 Meteorological Department of Thailand, used to compare to Simulation data of same period to verify the model. Quantile Mapping (QM) was the best statistical downscaling method to predict future Tasmax with the lowest of %MPAE and MAE at 5.29% and ?1.85 oC. Tasmax values were presented in form of map by kriging method then trend changes were calculated by Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen?s slope. The results illustrated that the highest Tasmax was found around left-bottom of the region then fading in the next area to the top. Tasmax was gradually rising from February to May with the most range in hot (35.0 - 39.9?C) and very hot range (>40?C). Moreover, trend analysis indicated that the trend of February, March, April, and summer period were fluctuated and obviously increased at +0.111, +0.130, +0.121, and +0.063?C per year while it was at -0.007?C per year for May with the lowest and highest Tasmax values at 28.8 and 41.5?C. This can confirm that the region would have global warming issues in the future.

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“…The average annual surface temperature in Thailand has increased by approximately 1 °C over the past 20 years (2000 to 2019) (Additional file 11 : Figure S3) [ 47 , 73 ]. The temperature change has also caused a decrease in the frequency of tropical cyclones entering Thailand, resulting in significant changes in rainfall patterns [ 74 ]. The increasing surface temperature could have enhanced the reproductive rates of mosquitos [ 75 – 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetic structure of the malaria vector Anopheles minimus in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA markers

et al. 2021

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Background The malaria vector Anopheles minimus has been influenced by external stresses affecting the survival rate and vectorial capacity of the population. Since An. minimus habitats have continuously undergone ecological changes, this study aimed to determine the population genetic structure and the potential gene flow among the An. minimus populations in Thailand. Methods Anopheles minimus was collected from five malaria transmission areas in Thailand using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps. Seventy-nine females from those populations were used as representative samples. The partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) and cytochrome b (Cytb) gene sequences were amplified and analyzed to identify species and determine the current population genetic structure. For the past population, we determined the population genetic structure from the 60 deposited COII sequences in GenBank of An. minimus collected from Thailand 20 years ago. Results The current populations of An. minimus were genetically divided into two lineages, A and B. Lineage A has high haplotype diversity under gene flow similar to the population in the past. Neutrality tests suggested population expansion of An. minimus, with the detection of abundant rare mutations in all populations, which tend to arise from negative selection. Conclusions This study revealed that the population genetic structure of An. minimus lineage A was similar between the past and present populations, indicating high adaptability of the species. There was substantial gene flow between the eastern and western An. minimus populations without detection of significant gene flow barriers. Graphical abstract

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Updated Basis Knowledge of Climate Change Summarized from the First part of Thailand’s Second Assessment Report on Climate Change

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean

Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean

Simulation of mean monthly maximum temperature in summer of northern region, Thailand using INMCM4.0 model

Population genetic structure of the malaria vector Anopheles minimus in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA markers

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