Updated checklist and conservation status of Cactaceae in the state of Durango, Mexico

Abstract

An updated and annotated checklist of Cactaceae in the Mexican state of Durango is provided, supported by a thorough examination of specialized literature and herbarium specimens, as well as field work. Additionally, geographical distribution, endemism and conservation status of the species were analyzed based on a compiled data matrix with 2326 georeferenced records. Cactaceae comprises 137 species and 29 genera in Durango, which represent a high proportion of the Mexican cactus flora: 46−58% at the generic level and 20−23% at the specific level. The estimated richness according to Chao-2 and Jackknife-1 is 143 and 151 species respectively, which means that the inventory we present here for the Cactaceae of Durango is complete in 91 to 96%. Since no herbarium specimens nor registers in reliable data bases were found to support their presence in the area, 46 taxa were excluded; even so, this inventory increases by 30% the cacti richness previously reported for Durango and provides new information on the distribution range of many species. The richest genera are Mammillaria, Opuntia, Coryphantha and Echinocereus. The highest concentration of species occurs in the arid and semiarid zone of eastern Durango, although there are also some spots with significant richness in the tropical region on the western slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental. 75% of the species are endemic to Mexico, 41% are regional endemics and 5% are restricted to Durango. New records and relevant novelties are also discussed.Key words: cacti, Chihuahuan Desert, distribution, richness, Sierra Madre Occidental ResumenSe presenta una lista actualizada y comentada de las cactáceas de Durango respaldada en una revisión exhaustiva de literatura especializada, especímenes de herbario y trabajo de campo. Además, se analiza la distribución geográfica, endemismo y estatus de conservación de las especies con base en una matriz de datos con 2326 registros georreferidos. Cactaceae incluye 137 especies de 29 géneros en Durango, lo que representa una alta proporción de la flora cactológica mexicana: 46−58% de los géneros y 20−23% de las especies. La riqueza estimada según Chao-2 y Jackknife-1 es 143 y 151 especies, respectivamente, lo que significa que el inventario de Cactaceae de Durango que presentamos aquí está completo en 91 a 96%. Se excluyó un gran número de taxones (46), ya que no se encontraron especímenes de herbario, ni registros en bases de datos confiables que apoyen su presencia en el área de estudio; aun así, este inventario incrementa en 30% la riqueza de cactus registrada antes para Durango y provee información novedosa sobre los rangos de distribución de muchas especies. Los géneros más ricos son Mammillaria, Opuntia, Coryphantha y Echinocereus. La mayor concentración de especies ocurre en la región árida y semiárida del oriente de Durango, aunque también hay algunos puntos con riqueza considerable en la región tropical en la vertiente occidental de la Sierra Madre Occidental. 75% de las especies registradas son endémicas a México, 4...

Diagnóstico del conocimiento taxonómico y florístico de las plantas vasculares del norte de México

“…Otro ejemplo es Nuevo León, para donde Alanís-Flores et al (2011) registran cinco géneros y 159 especies de distribución restringida al estado, cifra que se incrementa a 191 al extender los límites a zonas ecológicamente similares en los estados vecinos; los mismos autores reportan que más de la mitad de los endemismos se concentran en el municipio de Galeana, en la SMOr. Para Durango, únicamente 126 especies (menos del 3 % de la flora) representan endemismos estrictos, debido a que la mayor concentración de endemismos se encuentra en la Sierra Madre Occidental, en zonas compartidas con estados aledaños (González-Elizondo et al 2017b).…”

“…Para Chihuahua, hace más de cinco décadas se publicó una revisión de los helechos y licofitas (Knobloch & Correll 1962). González-Elizondo et al (2017b) presentó un inventario de las plantas medicinales de Durango.…”

The Endemism of the Vascular Flora of Mexico Present in Comarca Lagunera, an Agricultural Region in the Chihuahuan Desert

“…The information of the protologue of most of the taxa was reviewed, mainly those that have been described as new in the last decades, as well as the sites of register of collection of these taxa. The information published in various inventories at the state or regional level for both the flora as a whole or for specific groups was also consulted [6,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], in addition to the review of the specimens deposited in the Interdisciplinary Research Center for Regional Integral Development (CIIDIR) herbarium.…”

Edible ethnoflora of the southern tepehuans of Durango, México

“…There are a few studies that points out the importance of traditional knowledge that ST have about biodiversity that help solve some basic subsistence issues, such as food and health (González-Elizondo & Ávila-Reyes, 2000;González-Elizondo et al, 2001;González-Elizondo et al, 2004;Reyes-Valdez, 2006;Rivas-Vega, Solís-Arellano & Flores-Domene, 2000;Sánchez-Olmedo, 1980). However, unlike their close neighbors, Huichol and Tarahumara, the ethnobotanical knowledge of ST has been little documented.…”

“…However, unlike their close neighbors, Huichol and Tarahumara, the ethnobotanical knowledge of ST has been little documented. It is known that ST eat at least 14 species of fungi (González-Elizondo, 1991); nine wild and three cultivated Agave species are used as food, medicine, mezcal preparation, fiber extraction, construction material and other traditional uses (González-Elizondo & Galván, 1992); and at least 158 plant species are used for health care purposes (González-Elizondo et al, 2001, 2004, 2017González-Elizondo & González-Elizondo, 1994). There is also documented information about some plants used to make handicrafts and other useful objects .…”