Updated perspectives on the cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) and SULT-mediated sulfation

Abstract

The cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) are Phase II detoxifying enzymes that mediate the sulfate conjugation of numerous xenobiotic molecules. While the research on the SULTs has lagged behind the research on Phase I cytochrome P-450 enzymes and other Phase II conjugating enzymes, it has gained more momentum in recent years. This review aims to summarize information obtained in several fronts of the research on the SULTs, including the range of the SULTs in different life forms, concerted actions of the SULTs and other Phase II enzymes, insights into the structure-function relationships of the SULTs, regulation of SULT expression and activity, developmental expression of SULTs, as well as the use of a zebrafish model for studying the developmental pharmacology/toxicology.

Will the real bile acid sulfotransferase please stand up? Identification of Sult2a8 as a major hepatic bile acid sulfonating enzyme in mice

“…In humans, there are 13 SULT genes, which are distributed between 4 families (15). SULT2A1, the lone SULT2A gene in humans, appears to be the major human SULT enzyme capable of sulfonating bile acids at the 3a-OH position (15)(16)(17). In mice, there are 21 SULT genes, and these are subdivided between 6 families.…”

“…In mice, there are 21 SULT genes, and these are subdivided between 6 families. Whereas there is only one human SULT2A gene, seven (and now eight) Sult2a genes are present in mice (15,18). Most mouse studies have focused on Sult2a1 or Sult2a1/Sult2a2 as the putative hepatic bile acid sulfotransferase.…”

Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Enhanced Production of Naringenin 7-Sulfate and Its Biological Activities

“…Sulfotransferases can be found in various life form from prokaryotes to eukaryotes ( Suiko et al, 2017 ). In a model plant organism, A. thaliana , 18 different STs classified into seven groups are present ( Klein and Papenbrock, 2004 ).…”

Levosalbutamol as alternative to drugs on the basis of racemic salbutamol: Review of the results of pre-clinical research

“…В метаболизме сальбутамола главную роль играют цитозольные сульфотрансферазы (SULT), которые принадлежат семейству детоксицирующих энзимов II фазы и катализируют сульфатирование нативных и экзогенных гидрофобных молекул (Suiko et al, 2017). Флавоноиды могут выступать в качестве ингибиторов SULT1A1 и подавлять сульфатирование ксенобиотиков как в печени, так и в кишечнике, о чем следует иметь в виду в случае терапии сальбутамолом и левосальбутамолом с сопутствующим потреблением флавоноидсодержащих пищевых продуктов (De et al, 2000;Marchetti et al, 2001;De et al, 2002).…”