Updated status of assisted reproductive technology activities in the Asia‐Oceania region

Li, Raymond; Tank, Jaydeep; Haththotuwa, Rohana

doi:10.1111/jog.13742

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“… 227 228 229 230 231 India, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam recognize altruistic surrogacy (if not for all, in some specific situations or for national citizens only) but all these countries have explicitly banned commercial surrogacy. 173 232 233 Japan and South Korea do not have specific regulation regarding surrogacy. 8 234 Mongolia, Pakistan, People's Republic of China and Taiwan explicitly prohibit any kind of surrogacy.…”

Section: Legal Context Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

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Commercial Surrogacy: An Overview

Brandão

Garrido

2022

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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Objective Surrogacy is the process in which a woman carries and delivers a baby to other person or couple, known as intended parents. When carriers are paid for surrogacy, this is known as commercial surrogacy. The objective of the present work is to review the legal, ethical, social, and cultural aspects of commercial surrogacy, as well as the current panorama worldwide. Methods This is a review of the literature published in the 21st century on commercial surrogacy. Results A total of 248 articles were included as the core of the present review. The demand for surrogate treatments by women without uterus or with important uterine disorders, single men and same-sex male couples is constantly increasing worldwide. This reproductive treatment has important ethical dilemmas. In addition, legislation defers widely worldwide and is in constant change. Therefore, patients look more and more for treatments abroad, which can lead to important legal problems between countries with different laws. Commercial surrogacy is practiced in several countries, in most of which there is no specific legislation. Some countries have taken restrictive measures against this technique because of reports of exploitation of carriers. Conclusion Commercial surrogacy is a common practice, despite important ethical and legal dilemmas. As a consequence of diverse national legislations, patients frequently resort to international commercial surrogacy programs. As of today, there is no standard international legal context, and this practice remains largely unregulated.

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Section: Legal Context Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). 232,[239][240][241][242][243] Africa Most African countries do not have any regulation concerning surrogacy. In Kenya, surrogacy is not regulated, hence it became a popular destination for this practice.…”

Section: Oceaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Surrogacy: An Overview

Brandão

Garrido

2022

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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Mapping Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) of gamete donation

Alon,

Cassou,

Golan

et al. 2024

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Feasibility analysis of China's medical insurance coverage of assisted reproductive technology

Huang,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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There are millions of patients experiencing infertility in China, but assisted reproductive technology (ART) is performed at the patient's expense and is difficult to afford. With the sharp decline in China's birth rate, there is a growing controversy over the inclusion of ART in medical insurance (MI). This study aims to explore the feasibility of ART coverage by MI for the first time. We obtained basic data such as the prevalence of infertility, the cost of ART, and the success rate in China with the method of meta-analysis and consulting the government bulletin. Then, we calculated the number of infertile couples in China and the total financial expenditure of MI covering ART. Finally, we discussed the feasibility of coverage, and analyzed the population growth and economic benefits after coverage. According to our research results, it was estimated that there were 4.102–11.792 million infertile couples in China, with an annual increase of 1.189–1.867 million. If MI covered ART, the fund would pay 72.313–207.878 billion yuan, accounting for 2–6% of the current fund balance, and the subsequent annual payment would be 20.961–32.913 billion yuan, accounting for 4–7% of the annual fund balance. This was assuming that all infertile couples would undergo ART, and the actual cost would be lower. The financial input‒output ratio would be 13.022. Benefiting from the inclusion of ART in MI coverage, there would be 3.348–9.624 million new live infants, and 8–13% newborns would be born every year thereafter, which means that by 2050, 37–65 million people would be born. Due to its affordable cost, high cost-effectiveness and favourable population growth, it may be feasible to include ART in MI.

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Updated status of assisted reproductive technology activities in the Asia‐Oceania region

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Commercial Surrogacy: An Overview

Commercial Surrogacy: An Overview

Mapping Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) of gamete donation

Feasibility analysis of China's medical insurance coverage of assisted reproductive technology

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