2022
DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01251-6
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Updates in IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma

Abstract: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis. The 2021 WHO CNS5 classification has further stressed the importance of molecular signatures in diagnosis although therapeutic breakthroughs are still lacking. In this review article, updates on the current and novel therapies in IDH-wildtype GBM will be discussed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13311-022-01251-6.

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Cited by 43 publications
(34 citation statements)
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“…Another frequently mutated gene in gliomas (generally low grade) is isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( IDH1 ), a key enzyme that regulates tryptophan metabolism ( 30 ). Gliomas mutant for IDH have a better prognosis than IDH–wild type (WT) tumors (typically grade IV GBM) ( 41 ). Compared with IDH -mutant tumors, IDH -WT GBM tumors harbor microglia with increased expression of reactive phenotype genes (e.g., CD14 and CD64) and more macrophages with increased expression of HLA-DR and MHC I/II genes ( 18 ).…”
Section: Tam Origin Identity and Heterogeneitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another frequently mutated gene in gliomas (generally low grade) is isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( IDH1 ), a key enzyme that regulates tryptophan metabolism ( 30 ). Gliomas mutant for IDH have a better prognosis than IDH–wild type (WT) tumors (typically grade IV GBM) ( 41 ). Compared with IDH -mutant tumors, IDH -WT GBM tumors harbor microglia with increased expression of reactive phenotype genes (e.g., CD14 and CD64) and more macrophages with increased expression of HLA-DR and MHC I/II genes ( 18 ).…”
Section: Tam Origin Identity and Heterogeneitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…9 El glioblastoma es un subtipo de los gliomas difusos de alto grado extremadamente heterogéneo, el más frecuente en adultos, el más letal 9,10 y que se estratifica como grado 4 según la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. 2,10 Este tumor se caracteriza por marcada neovascularidad, mitosis incrementada, alta celularidad, pleomorfismo nuclear y evidencia microscópica de necrosis. Desde décadas anteriores, como hallazgos por imagen se describe un aspecto muy heterogéneo, típicamente con áreas centrales de necrosis o hemorragia, bordes irregulares y edema perilesional.…”
Section: Imágenes Convencionales De Rm Para El Diagnósticounclassified
“…Las modalidades convencionales de RM incluyen T1 sin contraste, T1 con contraste (frecuentemente gadolinio), FLAIR y T2. 10,12,13 En la Figura 2 se aprecia el aspecto clásico de un glioblastoma con el empleo de técnicas de imagen convencionales. Las características imagenológicas sugestivas de un glioma difuso grado 2 o 3 incluyen una masa circunscrita y supratentorial, homogénea e hiperintensa en T2, típicamente localizada en lóbulos frontales o temporales, sin calcificaciones o realce con contraste.…”
Section: Imágenes Convencionales De Rm Para El Diagnósticounclassified
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“…Both are aggressive WHO grade 4 gliomas but exhibit very different molecular profiles and tumor drivers, and we may ultimately learn that they should be treated differently. The next two articles focus on updates in the management of IDH-wildtype GBMs (by Melhem et al) [3] and IDH-mutant gliomas (by Miller) [4]. Medulloblastoma is another aggressive CNS tumor that is now subclassified by its molecular features and is the subject of the next article in this series by Lazow et al [5].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%