Updates on COVID-19: Virology, Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Transmission and Prevention

Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic malady caused by SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus. It is a global threat that has affected 223 countries and territories all over the world. According to the WHO report as of April 06, 2022 coronavirus has affected 492,189,439 people globally with 6,159,474 confirmed deaths. The pandemic of COVID-19 has badly affected Bangladesh likewise many other countries of the world. According to Worldometer report on 06 April 2022 the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 were 1,951,903 with 29,123 deaths, and 1,886,036 COVID-19 recoveries in Bangladesh. After originating from China, this notorious virus has been spread to almost all the countries of the world. Its spike protein aids in binding with the ACE2 receptors of the cell membrane resulting in cell entry, replication, and induction of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses leading to the pathogenic condition. The novel COVID-19 virus has structural and genetic similarity with its predecessors specially SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. This review presents the existing literature on COVID-19 and discusses different aspects of COVID-19 including virology, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, transmission and susceptibility and preventive measures of COVID-19. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(2): 143-163, 2022 (July)

Social Perspectives of COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: A Review

“…They can disseminate and infect humans, causing sickness in varying degrees, ranging from upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), as well as a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 8 . The newly emerged coronavirus, originated from Wuhan (a city of China), also known as 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, it is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA coronavirus which is a novel strain of coronavirus (the term corona means crown) 9 . It is now responsible for causing a devastating pandemic with severe respiratory consequences all across the world 9 .…”

“…The newly emerged coronavirus, originated from Wuhan (a city of China), also known as 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, it is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA coronavirus which is a novel strain of coronavirus (the term corona means crown) 9 . It is now responsible for causing a devastating pandemic with severe respiratory consequences all across the world 9 . Scientists believe that SARS-CoV-2 was generated from diseased wild animals and spread through a vast open animal and seafood market, animal spillover and cross-species jumping events with zoo anthroponotic potential in affecting few animal species have been observed.…”