Updating and inhibition processes in working memory: A comparison between Alzheimer’s type dementia and frontal lobe focal damage

Borgo, Francesca; Giovannini, Lorena; Moro, Raffaella; Semenza, Carlo; Arcicasa, M.; Zaramella, Marco

doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00109-x

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The control group and the MCI group succeeded with few erroneous answers, whereas the AD group made more errors. This finding is in line with behavioural studies where the maintenance and rehearsal system of working memory (the articulatory loop), as well as verbal learning has been found to be affected in AD (Bäckman et al, 2001;Borgo et al, 2003;Collette et al, 1999). Our results are also in line with previous studies, indicating that, while MCI patients are impaired in tests measuring learning and consolidation of episodic memory traces, they do not have overt problems in maintaining a limited memory set in mind for short time periods (Bäckman et al, 2001;Elias et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Brain oscillatory responses to an auditory-verbal working memory task in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

Karrasch

Laine

Rinne

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Brain oscillatory responses to an auditory-verbal working memory task in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

Karrasch

Laine

Rinne

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…performs serial verbal memory tasks as well as controls and visual or spatial serial memory tasks worse than controls, her entire portfolio of cognitive deficits includes many examples of problems that are inconsistent with the idea that she suffers from an impaired visual-spatial STM buffer, most especially her intact ability to detect which of two faces were shown on a recent trial. These complexities, which should prevent glib conclusions about a clear dissociation isolating visual-spatial STM, are acknowledged in remarkably few published references to E.L.D.’s case (e.g., Borgo et al, 2003; Della Sala, Gray, Baddeley, Allamano, & Wilson, 1999; Jonides et al, 2008).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Cases Of Visual and Spatial Stm Deficits?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The case against specialized visual-spatial short-term memory.

Morey

2018

Psychological Bulletin

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The dominant paradigm for understanding working memory, or the combination of the perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic processes needed for thinking, subdivides short-term memory (STM) according to whether memoranda are encoded in aural-verbal or visual formats. This traditional dissociation has been supported by examples of neuropsychological patients who seem to selectively lack STM for either aural-verbal, visual, or spatial memoranda, and by experimental research using dual-task methods. Though this evidence is the foundation of assumptions of modular STM systems, the case it makes for a specialized visual STM system is surprisingly weak. I identify the key evidence supporting a distinct verbal STM system-patients with apparent selective damage to verbal STM and the resilience of verbal short-term memories to general dual-task interference-and apply these benchmarks to neuropsychological and experimental investigations of visual-spatial STM. Contrary to the evidence on verbal STM, patients with apparent visual or spatial STM deficits tend to experience a wide range of additional deficits, making it difficult to conclude that a distinct short-term store was damaged. Consistently with this, a meta-analysis of dual-task visual-spatial STM research shows that robust dual-task costs are consistently observed regardless of the domain or sensory code of the secondary task. Together, this evidence suggests that positing a specialized visual STM system is not necessary. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…Shifting tasks that are not visuospatial in nature are also not impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (Belleville et al, 2008), and the few studies that have investigated updating in this disorder also suggest that it is not impaired (Borgo et al, 2003). A meta-analytical study of fluency in Alzheimer’s disease also points to the fact that this disorder is not characterized by a differential executive deficit as measured by phonemic fluency (Henry et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of donepezil in healthy young adults underline the fractionation of executive functioning

et al. 2011

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The cholinergic system is involved in the modulation of both bottom-up and top-down attentional control. Top-down attention engages multiple executive control processes, but few studies have investigated whether all or selective elements of executive functions are modulated by the cholinergic system. To investigate the acute effects of the pro-cholinergic donepezil in young, healthy volunteers on distinct components of executive functions we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, independent-groups design study including 42 young healthy male participants who were randomly assigned to one of three oral treatments: glucose (placebo), donepezil 5 mg or donepezil 7.5 mg. The test battery included measures of different executive components (shifting, updating, inhibition, dual-task performance, planning, access to long-term memory), tasks that evaluated arousal/vigilance/visuomotor performance, as well as functioning of working memory subsidiary systems. Donepezil improved sustained attention, reaction times, dual-task performance and the executive component of digit span. The positive effects in these executive tasks did not correlate with arousal/visuomotor/vigilance measures. Among the various executive domains investigated donepezil selectively increased dual-task performance in a manner that could not be ascribed to improvement in arousal/vigilance/visuomotor performance nor working memory slave systems. Other executive tasks that rely heavily on visuospatial processing may also be modulated by the cholinergic system.

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Updating and inhibition processes in working memory: A comparison between Alzheimer’s type dementia and frontal lobe focal damage

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Brain oscillatory responses to an auditory-verbal working memory task in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

Brain oscillatory responses to an auditory-verbal working memory task in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

The case against specialized visual-spatial short-term memory.

Acute effects of donepezil in healthy young adults underline the fractionation of executive functioning

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