Updating the Bogardus social distance studies: a new national survey

Parrillo, Vincent N.; Donoghue, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2005.03.011

Cited by 164 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To some extent, ethnic hierarchies draw on cultural distance, where groups perceived as 'more different' tend to have less status and thus rank lower in the hierarchy. Such cultural distance can reflect social distance (Parrillo and Donoghue 2005), but it frequently draws on visible markers such as skin colour and dress that signal cultural distance (Fetzer 2013). Ethnic hierarchies may play a role in taste-based discrimination and statistical discrimination, and they serve to remind us that discrimination in the hiring process is not a binary decision: the hiring decision may depend on the other applicants for the same job.…”

Section: Theory and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015

Zschirnt

Ruedin

2015

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. provide systematic reviews of existing feld experiments, no study has undertaken a meta-analysis to examine the fndings in the studies reported. In this article, we present a meta-analysis of 738 correspondence tests in 43 separate studies conducted in OECD countries between 1990 and 2015. In addition to summarising research fndings, we focus on groups of specifc tests to ascertain the robustness of fndings, emphasising diferences across countries, gender, and economic contexts. Moreover we examine paterns of discrimination, by drawing on the fact that the groups considered in correspondence tests and the contexts of testing vary to some extent. We focus on frst-and second-generation immigrants, diferences between specifc minority groups, the implementation of EU directives, and the length of job application packs. Terms of use: Documents in Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015 AbstractFor almost 50 years field experiments have been used to study ethnic and racial discrimination in hiring decisions, consistently reporting high rates of discrimination against minority applicants -including immigrants -, irrespective of time, location, or minority groups tested. While Riach and Rich (2002) and Rich (2014) provide systematic reviews of existing field experiments, no study has undertaken a meta-analysis to examine the findings in the studies reported. In this article we present a meta-analysis of 730 correspondence tests in 42 separate studies conducted in OECD countries between 1990 and 2015. In addition to summarizing research findings, we focus on subgroups to ascertain the robustness of findings, emphasizing differences across countries, gender, and economic contexts. Moreover we test hypotheses with regard to taste-based and statistical discrimination. To this end, we draw on the fact that the groups considered in correspondence tests and the contexts of testing vary to some extent. We focus on first-and second generation immigrants, differences between specific minority groups, the implementation of EU directives, and the length of job application packs. There are many indications that ethnic discrimination in hiring decisions reflects taste-based discrimination, although in some cases statistical discrimination seems to occur.

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Section: Theory and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015

Zschirnt

Ruedin

2015

SSRN Journal

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“…The database searches returned eight results from Education Full Text, 72 results from PsycInfo, 29 results from Sociological Abstracts, and 28 results from the Web of Science. These included journal articles, dissertations and conference papers and dealt with analyses of attitudes toward the mentally ill (Adewuya and Makanjuola 2005), religious groups (Nataraj 1965;Hunt 1956), ethnic groups (Sakuragi 2006;Parillo and Donoghue 2005;Randall and Delbridge 2005), racial groups (Morgan 2006;Kinloch 1973;Morsbach and Morsbach 1967), disabled people (Eisenman 1986;Benton et al 1968), people with specific diseases (Benton et al 1968), homosexuals (Staats 1978), nationality groups (Morsbach and Morsbach 1967;Zaidi 1967a;Hunt 1956) and finally, occupational groups (Singh 1965). The scale can also be used to show which groups in a community are most prejudiced (Morgan 2006;Randall and Delbridge 2005;McAllister and Moore 1991;Sell 1990).…”

Section: Uses Of the Bogardus Social Distance Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Emory Bogardus and the Origins of the Social Distance Scale

Wark

Galliher

2007

Am Soc

158

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This article provides some history of sociology by focusing on the origins of the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The scale was developed by Emory Bogardus in 1924 and is still widely used in measuring prejudice. It has been translated into several languages, and used in many countries in measuring attitudes toward a variety of groups. The authors use primary and secondary data, including an interview with one of Bogardus's colleagues, Thomas Lasswell, and the Bogardus archive at the University of Southern California. American racial and ethnic conflict, and the increasing scientific emphasis in sociology help explain the genesis of the scale. The personal biography of Bogardus is examined along with trends in sociology during his training at the University of Chicago and developments throughout American society. This study shows how the social environment of Bogardus influenced his personal life circumstances that help account for his creation of the scale.

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“…In this line of research, which is widely influential to this day [see Ethington (1997) and Parrillo and Donoghue (2005) for a review], scholars are concerned with the degree to which a respondent views members of a different group as acceptable or objectionable. The Bogardus Social Distance Scale asks respondents to report whether they would relate to members of an out-group in a variety of ways ranging from "accepting them as close relatives by marriage" to "excluding them from my country."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responses are placed on a scale and each tested group's rank on the continuum provides an indication of the degree of intimacy the respondent feels toward members of that group. Results are used to determine which groups in a society are more socially close and distant (Parrillo and Donoghue 2005). These findings are then employed to uncover linkages between social distance and prejudice, hostility, discrimination, and other social phenomenon (cf., Halperin et al 2007;Weaver 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%