Upgrading the Transdermal Biomedical Capabilities of Thyme Essential Oil Nanoemulsions Using Amphiphilic Oligochitosan Vehicles

Abstract

(1) Background: Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) essential oil (TEO) has gained much attention because of its long history of medicinal usage. However, the lack of precise chemical profiling of the TEO and methods to optimize the bioactivity and delivery of its constituents has hampered its research on quality control and biological function; (2) Methods: The current study aimed to analyze the TEO’s chemical composition using the GC-MS method and identify its key components. Another objective of this work is to study the impact of the protective layer of amphiphilic oligochitosan (AOC) on the physicochemical stability and transdermal potentials of TEO multilayer nanoemulsions formulated by the incorporation of TEO, Tween80, lecithin (Lec), and AOC; (3) Results: The AOC protective layer significantly improved the stability of TEO-based NEs as revealed by the constancy of their physicochemical properties (particle size and zeta potential) during storage for a week. Excessive fine-tuning of thyme extract NEs and the AOC protective layer’s persistent positive charge have been contributed to the thyme extract’s improved anti-inflammatory, transdermal, and anti-melanoma potentials; (4) Conclusions: the AOC-coated NEs could offer novel multifunctional nanoplatforms for effective transdermal delivery of lipophilic bioactive materials.

Immobilization of ZnO-TiO2 Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications

“…This interaction leads to the formation of pores in the membrane, which results in the leakage of intracellular contents and eventually leads to cell death (see Figure 6). Finally, the presence of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups allows amphiphilic chitosan to self-assemble into micelles, which can enhance its solubility and bioavailability, as well as provide a means for the targeted delivery of the antimicrobial agent [52,53]. S2, Supplementary Materials) [61][62][63][64].…”

Phenylboronic Acid-Grafted Chitosan Nanocapsules for Effective Delivery and Controllable Release of Natural Antioxidants: Olive Oil and Hydroxytyrosol

“…The current study proposes using a phenylboronic acid-chitosan nanoparticle conjugate (PBA-CSNPs) as a nanovehicle to deliver VOO and HT, separately, intracellularly. Because of their optimized drug loading, releasing properties, low toxicity, biodegradability, stability, and renewable nature, biopolymeric nanoparticles (BPNPs) have attracted considerable interest as potential candidates for the controlled delivery of pharmaceutical agents into their targets [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Their tiny size and large specific surface improve payload encapsulation stability in the NPs network until the medication release mechanism is initiated and bioavailability is improved as well.…”