Upper Campanian–Maastrichtian nannofossil biostratigraphy and high-resolution carbon-isotope stratigraphy of the Danish Basin: Towards a standard δ13C curve for the Boreal Realm

The lithostratigraphy, calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, carbon‐ and oxygen‐isotope stratigraphy and gamma‐ray profile are presented for the Skælskør‐1 core, eastern Denmark. The correlation of carbon isotopes to Gubbio (Italy) and ODP Site 762C (Indian Ocean) provides the chronostratigrahical framework of the core through a tie to magnetostratigraphy. Two new carbon‐isotope excursions are defined for the uppermost Maastrichtian of the core and prove useful for long‐distance correlation. Twenty stratigraphic tie‐points are used for correlation of the upper Campanian–Maastrichtian interval by combining carbon‐isotope and gamma‐ray variations. Significant dissimilarities in the gamma‐ray profiles of the Danish Basin cores preclude the sole use of this tool for basin‐scale correlations. Bulk oxygen‐isotopes and semi‐quantitative abundance changes in the warm‐water calcareous nannofossil Watznaueria barnesiae and the cool‐water Kamptnerius magnificus highlight the following past changes in sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs): relatively warm late Campanian SSTs, cooling across the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary and through the early Maastrichtian, warming across the early–late Maastrichtian transition, cooling in the late Maastrichtian, intense warming in the latest Maastrichtian chron C29r, followed by a very short episode of cooling immediately before the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary. The late Campanian–Maastrichtian evolution in sea water temperatures inferred from the Danish Basin is similar to that delineated at tropical latitude oceanic sites.

show abstract

“…Events C1− to M6+ correspond to the defined carbon‐isotope excursions of this interval (Thibault et al . ; this study).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Numerous studies have been undertaken recently in the upper Cretaceous chalk of Denmark, which have helped to improve previous stratigraphical schemes of the Boreal upper Campanian–Maastrichtian (Sheldon ; Rasmussen & Surlyk ; Thibault et al . ; Surlyk et al . ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Campanian–Maastrichtian chronostratigraphy of the Skælskør‐1 core, Denmark: correlation at the basinal and global scale and implications for changes in sea‐surface temperatures

Thibault

Anderskouv

Bjerager³

et al. 2015

LET

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[] regarded the LO of M . quaternarius as a secondary marker for the base of UC15, and it is recommended here as the best marker for the base of this zone in the Boreal realm, as this species is present in a large part of the Chalk sea: in England, in the Danish Basin, and in North Germany [ Schönfeld et al ., ; Hampton et al ., ; Thibault et al ., ] (Figure ). Accordingly, the LO of M .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last 10 years, the Late Cretaceous timescale has been improved by integration of floating astronomical time scales (ATS), higher‐resolution biostratigraphic frameworks, high‐resolution carbon isotope stratigraphy, and more accurate and precise radioisotopic dates [ Jarvis et al ., ; Batenburg et al ., ; Meyers et al ., ; Gradstein et al ., ; Thibault et al ., , ; Voigt et al ., ; Sprovieri et al ., ; Sageman et al ., ]. A recent compilation of Laurin et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astronomical calibration and global correlation of the Santonian (Cretaceous) based on the marine carbon isotope record

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High‐resolution records of bulk carbonate carbon isotopes have been generated for the Upper Coniacian to Lower Campanian interval of the sections at Seaford Head (southern England) and Bottaccione (central Italy). An unambiguous stratigraphic correlation is presented for the base and top of the Santonian between the Boreal and Tethyan realms. Orbital forcing of carbon and oxygen isotopes at Seaford Head points to the Boreal Santonian spanning five 405 kyr cycles (Sa1 to Sa5). Correlation of the Seaford Head time scale to that of the Niobrara Formation (Western Interior Basin) permits anchoring these records to the La2011 astronomical solution at the Santonian‐Campanian (Sa/Ca) boundary, which has been recently dated to 84.19 ± 0.38 Ma. Among the five tuning options examined, option 2 places the Sa/Ca at the 84.2 Ma 405 kyr insolation minimum and appears as the most likely. This solution indicates that minima of the 405 kyr filtered output of the resistivity in the Niobrara Formation correlate to 405 kyr insolation minima in the astronomical solution and to maxima in the filtered δ13C of Seaford Head. We suggest that variance in δ13C is driven by climate forcing of the proportions of CaCO3 versus organic carbon burial on land and in oceanic basins. The astronomical calibration generates a 200 kyr mismatch of the Coniacian‐Santonian boundary age between the Boreal Realm in Europe and the Western Interior, due either to diachronism of the lowest occurrence of the inoceramid Cladoceramus undulatoplicatus between the two regions or to remaining uncertainties of radiometric dating and cyclostratigraphic records.

show abstract

“…An aliquot of 0.75 mL of that suspension was spread evenly on a microscopic cover slip using a micropipette and dried slowly before mounting on a microscopic slide with a Norland optical adhesive. Thibault et al (2012) and Koch and Young (2007) describe similar methods and have proved high reproducibility yielding a minimal error margin for counting absolute calcareous nannofossil abundances. The recent study of Bordiga et al (2015) further confirms that the simple technique used here provides high-reproducibility and allows for calibration to other techniques commonly used to calculate absolute nannofossil abundances.…”

Section: Calcareous Nannofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinemurian–Pliensbachian calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and organic carbon isotope stratigraphy in the Paris Basin: Calibration to the ammonite biozonation of NW Europe

Peti¹,

Thibault²,

Clémence³

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The biostratigraphy of Sinemurian to lower Toarcian calcareous nannofossils has been investigated in the Sancerre-Couy core (Paris Basin), which contains a mixed assemblage of species with affinities to the northern and southern areas of the peritethyan realm, thus allowing for the use and calibration of the Mediterranean Province (Italy/S France) and NW Europe (UK) biozonation schemes. This study is based on semi-quantitative analyses of the calcareous nannofossil assemblage performed on 145 samples and the recorded bioevents are calibrated to the NW European Ammonite Zonation and to a new organic carbon isotope curve based on 385 data points. The main bioevents, i.e. the first occurrences of Parhabdolithus liasicus, Crepidolithus pliensbachensis, Crepidolithus crassus, Mitrolithus lenticularis, Similiscutum cruciulus sensu lato, Lotharingius hauffii, Crepidolithus cavus and Lotharingius sigillatus as well as the last occurrence of Parhabdolithus robustus, have been identified. However, we show that a large number of standard biostratigraphic markers show inconsistent occurrences at the base and top of their range, possibly accounting for some of the significant discrepancies observed between the different domains. In addition to the nine main bioevents used for the biozonation of the core, we document an additional 50 distinct bioevents, evaluate their reliability and discuss their potential significance by comparison to previous studies. A total of five significant negative organic carbon isotope excursions are identified and defined in the Paris Basin including the well-documented Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary event. One positive excursion is further defined in the Pliensbachian interval. Our calibration of high-resolution calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy to ammonite biostratigraphy and organic carbon isotopes represents a new stratigraphic reference for the Lower Jurassic series.

show abstract

Upper Campanian–Maastrichtian nannofossil biostratigraphy and high-resolution carbon-isotope stratigraphy of the Danish Basin: Towards a standard δ13C curve for the Boreal Realm

Cited by 106 publications

References 64 publications

Upper Campanian–Maastrichtian chronostratigraphy of the Skælskør‐1 core, Denmark: correlation at the basinal and global scale and implications for changes in sea‐surface temperatures

Upper Campanian–Maastrichtian chronostratigraphy of the Skælskør‐1 core, Denmark: correlation at the basinal and global scale and implications for changes in sea‐surface temperatures

Astronomical calibration and global correlation of the Santonian (Cretaceous) based on the marine carbon isotope record

Sinemurian–Pliensbachian calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and organic carbon isotope stratigraphy in the Paris Basin: Calibration to the ammonite biozonation of NW Europe

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About