Upper Cretaceous Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy, ODP Leg 198 (Shatsky Rise, Northwest Pacific Ocean)

Abstract

Eight sites were drilled on Shatsky Rise during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 198. All sites (1207-1214) recovered Cretaceous sediments ranging in age from Maastrichtian to Berriasian. In the Upper Cretaceous, Maastrichtian-Campanian nannofossil oozes were recovered at Sites 1207-1212. At Sites 1207 and 1212 Santonian-Cenomanian oozes were also recovered from chert-dominated sequences, but this interval contains multiple hiatuses. Sites 1209-1211 terminated in chert. Calcareous nannofossil assemblages are abundant, diverse, and relatively well preserved throughout, but biostratigraphy is problematic in places due to missing or rare and sporadically distributed marker species. In the upper Maastrichtian, the first occurrences (FOs) of Micula murus and Lithraphidites quadratus appear to be reversed in most sections, and in the Campanian, Reinhardtites levis, Misceomarginatus pleniporus, and Eiffellithus parallelus are absent or virtually absent, probably due to biogeographic limitations. However, a number of previously unused bioevents were recognized that may prove to be useful Pacific-wide, including the FO of Ceratolithoides ultimus (in Subzone UC20d TP) and the last occurrence (LO) of Tegumentum stradneri (in Subzone UC20b TP) in the upper Maastrichtian; the FOs of Micula praemurus and consistent Cribrocorona gallica, the LOs of Zeugrhabdotus bicrescenticus and Cribrocorona echinus, and the FO of C. echinus lower in the Maastrichtian; and the LO of Rucinolithus? magnus (in Zone UC16), FO of R.? magnus (in Subzone UC15b TP), FO of Perchnielsenella stradneri (in Subzone UC15a/b TP), and

An astronomical time scale for the Maastrichtian based on the Zumaia and Sopelana sections (Basque country, northern Spain)

“…See Table 3 for uncertainties in the position of bio-and magnetostratigraphic events. Grey roman numerals indicate the intervals identified by Ward et al (1991) and lilac numbers the units of Wiedmann (1988) Cande and Kent (1995), Herbert et al (1995), Herbert (1999), option 2 of Husson et al (2011), Thibault et al (2012a), Batenburg et al (2012), Pérez- Rodríguez et al (2012), Ward andKennedy (1993), MacLeod (1994), Ward et al (1991) and the summary of biozones based on correlation of carbon isotope stratigraphies by Voigt et al (2012), with 1 Bralower et al (2002); 2 Lees and Bown (2005); 3 Huber (1990); 4 Huber (1992); 5 Pospichal and Wise (1990); 6 Li and Keller (1998); 7 Manivit (1984); 8 Henriksson (1993); 9 Thibault and Gardin (2007); 10 Premoli- Silva and Sliter (1995); 11 Gardin et al (2012); 12 Monechi and Thierstein (1985); 13 Gardin et al (2001); 14 Küchler and Odin (2001), 15 Odin et al (2001), 16 Walaszczyk et al (2002); 17 Thibault et al (2012b); 18 Burnett (1990). For Herbert et al (1995) and Herbert (1999), who only report durations, a K/Pg-boundary age of 65.97 Ma has been ...…”

Campanian‐Maastrichtian ocean circulation in the tropical Pacific

“…Based on high‐resolution carbon isotope stratigraphy, the sedimentation rate was estimated to be ~1.3 cm/kyr during the Campanian and Maastrichtian [ Jung et al ., ]. Biozonation is based on planktic foraminifera [ Bralower et al ., ] and calcareous nannofossils [ Lees and Bown , ]. Sections 198‐1210B‐28‐4 and 28‐6 (260.73–264.12 m bsf) document a short interval with abundant shell debris of inoceramids [ Bralower et al ., ], which is considered to represent ocean‐wide changes in circulation [ MacLeod et al ., ].…”

“…These events have been related to the geomagnetic polarity scale recalculated using the astronomical 40 Ar/ 39 Ar calibration of the Fish Canyon sanidine [ Kuiper et al ., ]. Correlation between Gubbio and Shatsky Rise is based on the comparison of their similar δ 13 C evolutions and is supported by the relative timing of base occurrences of stratigraphic index fossils [ Bralower et al ., ; Lees and Bown , ; Petrizzo et al ., ]. An age of 72.8 Ma was assigned to the beginning of the CMBE [ Voigt et al ., ].…”

Calcareous nannofossils and sedimentary facies in the Upper Cretaceous Bozeş Formation (Southern Apuseni Mountains, Romania)

“…40%, it indicates a strongly altered assemblage (Roth and Krumbach, 1986), in environments with oligotrophy/low fertility (Roth and Bowdler, 1981;Erba, 1992;Herrle, 2003). In their study of Upper Jurassic deposits from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Lees et al (2004Lees et al ( , 2005 have demonstrated that Watznaueria barnesae indicates an eutrophic environment. Melinte-Dobrinescu and Bojar (2008) suggest that the high abundance of Watznaueria barnesae points out an open marine environment, increased nutrients, ecological instability, and probably mesotrophy rather than poor preservation rates of the calcareous nannofossil assemblage.…”