Upper Holocene sea level changes in the West Saronic Gulf, Greece

Kolaiti, Eleni; Mourtzas, Nikos

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.024

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Submerged archaeological coastal structures are commonly used as indicators of relative sea level changes (Anzidei et al, ; Flemming, Czartoryska, & Hunter, ; Kolaiti & Mourtzas, ; Lambeck, Anzidei, Antonioli, Benini, & Esposito, ; Morhange et al, ; Pirazzoli, ). Recent studies have confirmed that ancient harbor and coastal structures (e.g., quays and fish tanks) are reliable sea level indicators, as they are directly related to sea level at the time of their construction (Auriemma & Solinas, ; Benjamin et al, ; Evelpidou et al, ; Morhange & Marriner, ; Vacchi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene sea level change along the coast of Fethiye Gulf in southwestern Turkey

Kızıldağ

2018

Geoarchaeology

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In the Fethiye Gulf on the southwest coast of Turkey, several submerged archaeological sites provide useful data about relative sea level changes since the Byzantine period. The current elevations of contemporary archaeological structures were measured to determine the amount of relative sea level change. The archaeological sea level markers in this seismically active region provide new data about the amount and period of relative sea level rise. Taking into consideration the time of the last use of the structures, instead of their time of construction, three different rates of vertical land movement of 2.18 ± 0.3, 2.96 ± 0.3, and 3.29 ± 0.5 mm/yr were estimated. These data indicate that tectonic activity differs from region to region, most likely related to local normal faults in the gulf. Recent earthquakes have confirmed active seismicity in this area. These results demonstrate that the changing sea levels in the Fethiye Gulf have been strongly influenced by vertical tectonic movement over the last 1,400 years. Results also contribute to studies of future coastal changes in the Fethiye Gulf and its surroundings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene sea level change along the coast of Fethiye Gulf in southwestern Turkey

Kızıldağ

2018

Geoarchaeology

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“…The Saronic Gulf, and especially its NW part in the vicinity of the Isthmus and of Kenchreai, is currently a marine depositional environment, the coasts of which are marked by signs of recent marine regression and submerged archaeological sites (Flemming 1978;Kolaiti and Mourtzas 2016). However, sediment palaeoflow directions reveal that, in the Late Pleistocene, a "structural high" is likely to have existed east of Kenchreai, supplying sediment onto the southern Isthmus area; this structural high is currently under the water (Collier 1988).…”

Section: Geological and Seismological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…i. The scenario of stepped subsidence proposed by the excavators has been recently debated by certain authors (Rothaus et al 2008;Kolaiti and Mourtzas 2016). ii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal subsidence, destruction layers and earthquakes from an underwater archaeological excavation: Kenchreai, eastern harbour of Roman Corinth, Greece

Stiros

2020

Med. Geosc. Rev.

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One of the first underwater coastal archaeological excavations was made in the 1960 in Kenchreai (Cenchreae), eastern harbour of Roman Corinth, Greece, near the Isthmus (Corinth) Canal. This excavation brought to light an Isis temple with a destruction layer containing amongst others, packs of more than 100 precious glass panels of opus sectile, testifying to a hitherto unknown mosaic-type wall decorative technique. Above this destruction layer, indicating a violently disrupted renovation of the temple in circa AD 400, thereafter abandoned, an apsidal Christian chapel was constructed, currently also found quasi-submerged. The excavators, inspired by subsidence of piscinae (fishtanks) and theories for earthquake destruction and decline of Roman Corinth, a prosperous town controlling marine routes and commerce between Eastern Mediterranean and Italy, have explained the environmental and occupation history of Kenchreai in terms of three earthquakes with 2.3 m cumulative subsidence. This theory, however, has been challenged on different grounds. New evidence about the glass panels and detailed evaluation of historical, seismological, archaeological and coastal data revealed an about 1 m seismic subsidence of Kenchreai, most of which occurred during a destructive earthquake in circa AD 400, undoubtedly with serious impacts to Corinth. Identification of the causative fault is not easy because of unfavourable lithology and because Kenchreai is in a tectonically complex environment: at the east edges of the uplifting Corinthian coast (marked by a Roman harbour 4 m above water) and of the Isthmus of Corinth, a Plio-Quaternary uplifted horst, inside an active tectonic graben. Kenchreai represents one of the very few cases of seismic coastal subsidence deriving from archaeological data.

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“…Beachrock is cemented and rapidly forms in the areas as a recent carbonaceous deposit (Vousdoukas, et al, 2007;Desruelles et al, 2009;Mauz et al, 2015a;Ozturk et al, 2016;Karkani. et al, 2017;Kolaiti and Mourtzas, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative characteristics of cement materials in natural and artificial beachrocks using a petrographic method

Daryono

Titisari

Warmada

et al. 2018

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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Beachrock is among the important features of tropical coastlines. It appears to have an anchoring effect on dynamic islands that provides protection from erosion. However, the origin of cement micritic peloidal remains uncertain. Petrographic analysis is a method used by many geologists to accurately identify specific aggregated minerals present in an area. It also helps to understand historical petrogenesis interpretations of a sedimentary rock formation and cementation process inside rock particles. In this study, petrographic analysis was used to identify the structure, texture, composition, and presence of minerals from beachrock samples collected from Okinawa, Japan and Sadranan beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Field investigations and laboratory analysis (petrographic and geochemical measurements) were aimed at understanding the formation mechanism of natural fresh beachrock. Subsequently, laboratory-scale experiments on artificial beachrock were based on solidification tests and were conducted to use microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) with Pararodhobacter and Ocenisphaera bacterium species to draw comparisons between natural beachrock and artificial beachrock. The cementation process based on petrographic analysis of thin sections has an assumption that the cement type and other added materials determine the strength of the material, and that the cement mineral occurring represents the sedimentary environment. The cement mechanism behavior of natural beachrock has potential in manufacturing artificial beachrock using the MICP method, an eco-friendly development method for coastal areas.

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Upper Holocene sea level changes in the West Saronic Gulf, Greece

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Late Holocene sea level change along the coast of Fethiye Gulf in southwestern Turkey

Late Holocene sea level change along the coast of Fethiye Gulf in southwestern Turkey

Coastal subsidence, destruction layers and earthquakes from an underwater archaeological excavation: Kenchreai, eastern harbour of Roman Corinth, Greece

Comparative characteristics of cement materials in natural and artificial beachrocks using a petrographic method

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