Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians

Jones, Eppie R.; Fortes, Gloria G.; Connell, Sarah; Siska, Veronika; Eriksson, Anders; Martiniano, Rui; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Llorente, Marcos Gallego; Cassidy, Lara M.; Gamba, Cristina; Meshveliani, Tengiz; Bar‐Yosef, Ofer; Müller, Werner A.; Belfer‐Cohen, Anna; Matskevich, Zinovi; Jakeli, Nino; Higham, Thomas; Currat, Mathias; Lordkipanidze, David; Hofreiter, Michael; Manica, Andrea; Pinhasi, Ron; Bradley, Daniel G.

doi:10.1038/ncomms9912

Cited by 381 publications

(408 citation statements)

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“…145 We also generated 62 new direct radiocarbon dates (Extended Data Bronze Age Britain. We combined our data with previously published ancient DNA data [2][3][4][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] 150 to form a genome-wide dataset of 476 ancient individuals (Supplementary Table 1). The 151 combined dataset included Beaker-associated individuals from Iberia (n=20), southern France 152 (n=4), northern Italy (n=1), central Europe (n=56), The Netherlands (n=9) and Britain (n=19).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe

Olalde

Brace

Allentoft

et al. 2017

Preprint

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174

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Bell Beaker pottery spread across western and central Europe beginning around 2750 BCE before disappearing between 2200–1800 BCE. The mechanism of its expansion is a topic of long-standing debate, with support for both cultural diffusion and human migration. We present new genome-wide ancient DNA data from 170 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans, including 100 Beaker-associated individuals. In contrast to the Corded Ware Complex, which has previously been identified as arriving in central Europe following migration from the east, we observe limited genetic affinity between Iberian and central European Beaker Complex-associated individuals, and thus exclude migration as a significant mechanism of spread between these two regions. However, human migration did have an important role in the further dissemination of the Beaker Complex, which we document most clearly in Britain using data from 80 newly reported individuals dating to 3900–1200 BCE. British Neolithic farmers were genetically similar to contemporary populations in continental Europe and in particular to Neolithic Iberians, suggesting that a portion of the farmer ancestry in Britain came from the Mediterranean rather than the Danubian route of farming expansion. Beginning with the Beaker period, and continuing through the Bronze Age, all British individuals harboured high proportions of Steppe ancestry and were genetically closely related to Beaker-associated individuals from the Lower Rhine area. We use these observations to show that the spread of the Beaker Complex to Britain was mediated by migration from the continent that replaced >90% of Britain’s Neolithic gene pool within a few hundred years, continuing the process that brought Steppe ancestry into central and northern Europe 400 years earlier.

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confidence: 99%

The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe

Olalde

Brace

Allentoft

et al. 2017

Preprint

Self Cite

174

342

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“…The Yamnaya culture, associated with late Proto-Indo-Europeans, emerged during this time period in the Southwestern Siberian Ural region and the Pontic steppe region of Southeastern Europe (Allentoft et al 2015;Haak et al 2015;Jones et al 2015). Yamnaya steppe herders, who traced their origins to Eastern European and Caucasus hunter-gatherer groups, had largely replaced the Neolithic farming culture in Eastern Europe.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reconstructing genetic history of Siberian and Northeastern European populations

et al. 2016

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Siberia and Northwestern Russia are home to over 40 culturally and linguistically diverse indigenous ethnic groups, yet genetic variation and histories of peoples from this region are largely uncharacterized. We present deep whole-genome sequencing data (∼38×) from 28 individuals belonging to 14 distinct indigenous populations from that region. We combined these data sets with additional 32 modern-day and 46 ancient human genomes to reconstruct genetic histories of several indigenous Northern Eurasian populations. We found that Siberian and East Asian populations shared 38% of their ancestry with a 45,000-yr-old Ust’-Ishim individual who was previously believed to have no modern-day descendants. Western Siberians trace 57% of their ancestry to ancient North Eurasians, represented by the 24,000-yr-old Siberian Mal'ta boy MA-1. Eastern Siberian populations formed a distinct sublineage that separated from other East Asian populations ∼10,000 yr ago. In addition, we uncovered admixtures between Siberians and Eastern European hunter-gatherers from Samara, Karelia, Hungary, and Sweden (from 8000–6600 yr ago); Yamnaya people (5300–4700 yr ago); and modern-day Northeastern Europeans. Our results provide new insights into genetic histories of Siberian and Northeastern European populations and evidence of ancient gene flow from Siberia into Europe.

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“…Additionally, Jones et al (53) showed that the other half of the Yamnaya ancestry came from a fourth source population: the "Caucasus hunter-gatherers" (CHG), who split from the WHG ∼45,000 y ago and from the EEF ∼25,000 y ago. At present, it appears that western Eurasian populations are mixtures of four ancestral sources (ANE, EEF, WHG, CHG).…”

Section: Adna From Modern Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient DNA and human history

Slatkin

Racimo

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

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We review studies of genomic data obtained by sequencing hominin fossils with particular emphasis on the unique information that ancient DNA (aDNA) can provide about the demographic history of humans and our closest relatives. We concentrate on nuclear genomic sequences that have been published in the past few years. In many cases, particularly in the Arctic, the Americas, and Europe, aDNA has revealed historical demographic patterns in a way that could not be resolved by analyzing present-day genomes alone. Ancient DNA from archaic hominins has revealed a rich history of admixture between early modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans, and has allowed us to disentangle complex selective processes. Information from aDNA studies is nowhere near saturation, and we believe that future aDNA sequences will continue to change our understanding of hominin history.human history | Neanderthal | Denisovan | ancient DNA | demography

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Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians

Cited by 381 publications

References 50 publications

The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe

The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe

Reconstructing genetic history of Siberian and Northeastern European populations

Ancient DNA and human history

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