Upper segment/lower segment ratio and armspan–height difference in healthy Turkish children

Turan, Serap; Bereket, Abdullah; Omar, Anjum; Berber, Mustafa; Ozen, Ahmet; Bekiroğlu, Nural

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01909.x

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Results here clearly support the conclusions of researchers that leg growth is more sensitive than trunk growth to ecological factors influencing patterns of childhood physiological stress (Bogin et al, 2001(Bogin et al, , 2002Dangour, 2001;Frisancho et al, 2001;Malina et al, 2004;Smith et al, 2001;Turan et al, 2005). But within the context of very rapidly changing circumstances documented in Taiwan Hermalin et al, 1994), variation associated with differences in outcome at least hint at why results of other studies have not always produced similar results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Focused life history data and linear enamel hypoplasia to help explain intergenerational variation in relative leg length within Taiwanese families

Floyd

2007

American J Hum Biol

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This study first examines the hypothesis that significant intergeneration increases in stature within 85 Taiwanese families in two study locations were primarily the result of increases in subischial leg length. It then evaluates a second hypothesis that independent assessments of the extent of intergenerational change in childhood environments within these families helped account for parent-offspring differences in relative leg length. Childhood environments were assessed using two criteria: developmental environment scores derived from life history data and evidence of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). Relative leg length was represented in two ways, as either the difference between internally estimated sex-specific z-scores of sitting height and subischial leg length (z(D) = z(SH) - z(LL)) or as relative sitting height (RSH; sitting height/height x 100). Paired Student t tests indicated intergenerational increases in relative leg length were significantly greater than zero in both study locations (P < or = 0.012). The second hypothesis, tested using a hierarchical model with maximum likelihood estimation that allowed for nesting of more than one offspring per family, received support as midparent-offspring differences in composite scores were significantly positively associated with midparent-offspring differences in relative leg length. This was true alone (P = 0.018), and when significant associations with LEH prevalence among mothers and offspring were statistically controlled for (P = 0.010). Evidence also indicated that while the large majority of offspring were taller than their midparental average height (84.3%; 91/108), offspring who were taller were also more likely to have relatively longer legs than by chance alone (Fishers exact, P = 0.027).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Focused life history data and linear enamel hypoplasia to help explain intergenerational variation in relative leg length within Taiwanese families

Floyd

2007

American J Hum Biol

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“…For height, weight and head circumference the most recent available growth references for the country or specific ethnic population should be used. References for sitting height/height and arm span are scarce and a choice for the most appropriate reference has to be made [24,25,26,27,28,29]. Abnormal body proportions are strongly suggestive of a form of skeletal dysplasia.…”

Section: Diagnostic Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Approach in Children with Short Stature

et al. 2009

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For early detection of pathological causes of growth failure proper referral criteria are needed, as well as a thorough clinical, radiological and laboratory assessment. In this minireview we first discuss the two consensus-based and one evidence-based guidelines for referral that have been published. The evidence-based guidelines result in a sensitivity of approximately 80% at a false-positive rate of 2%. Then, relevant clues from the medical history and physical examination are reviewed, and specific investigations based on clinical suspicion listed. In the absence of abnormal clinical findings, an X-ray of the hand/wrist and a laboratory screen are usually performed. Scientific evidence for the various components of laboratory screening is scarce, but accumulated experience and theoretical considerations have led to a list of investigations that may be considered until more evidence is available.

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“…On examination he had a slight disproportion (his upper/lower segment ratio was higher than expected for his age). In fact, it was above the +2 SD values published in a recent population-based study [18]. Clinical examination revealed further several dysmorphic features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Rare Case of a Male with 45, XO, SRY+, ZFY+ with Short Stature and Mild Turner Stigmata

Ntali

Sofocleous²,

Kouvidi³

et al. 2012

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Turner syndrome is hypothesized to result from haploinsufficiency of certain genes expressed from both sex chromosomes that escape X inactivation. Case Report: We present the rare case of a 4-year-old boy who was referred to the pediatric endocrinology unit for evaluation of slight growth delay. Results: Standard cytogenetic analysis showed a 45,XO karyotype. Molecular studies disclosed the presence of an intact SRY homeobox region and the ZFY region sited on the Y short arm. Other Y chromosome sequences which are normally found on the short arm of chromosome Y (p) were absent and their exact location on a different chromosome remained unclear. Subsequently, FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) analysis failed to detect any Y sequences, while haplotype analysis indicated that the present X chromosome was of paternal origin. Conclusion: Phenotype-genotype correlation studies were consistent with a male patient presenting with short stature and some of the Turner’s syndrome stigmata. The consequences for the patients with this chromosomal abnormality and treatment with recombinant growth hormone are also discussed.

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Upper segment/lower segment ratio and armspan–height difference in healthy Turkish children

Abstract: US/LS ratio and armspan-height difference are practical parameters and easy to perform in any setting. We hope that these standards will aid clinicians in the evaluation of children with short stature.

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Focused life history data and linear enamel hypoplasia to help explain intergenerational variation in relative leg length within Taiwanese families

Focused life history data and linear enamel hypoplasia to help explain intergenerational variation in relative leg length within Taiwanese families

Diagnostic Approach in Children with Short Stature

A Rare Case of a Male with 45, XO, SRY+, ZFY+ with Short Stature and Mild Turner Stigmata

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