Upper thermal tolerances of key taxonomic groups of stream invertebrates

Close, Paul; Stewart, Barbara A.; Davies, Peter M.

doi:10.1007/s10750-013-1611-9

Cited by 60 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Above its thermal tolerance, activity and metabolic rates of G. pulex can decrease sharply (e.g., Foucreau et al 2014), and this may have led to a decrease in conspecific encounters and reduced competition (Wooster et al 2011). Therefore, biotic interactions may increase with water temperature until the point when thermal tolerance is exceeded, which is between 21 and 25°C for many aquatic invertebrates (Stewart et al 2013a), and individuals reduce their activity in a final attempt to conserve energy and prolong survival (Foucreau et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the first 24 h of the experiment, surface water temperature was kept at 15.2 ± 0.2°C across all treatments. After this acclimatization period, surface water temperatures were increased to Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) avoids increasing water temperature and intraspecific… the treatment level at a rate of 0.2°C h -1 for 20°C (20.2 ± 0.1°C) and 0.4°C h -1 for 25°C (25.3 ± 0.1°C) treatments over a 24-h period to avoid thermal shock of the organisms (Stewart et al 2013a). Surface water temperature was then kept constant until the end of the experiment.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many rivers, higher maximum temperatures are exceeding the physiological tolerance of aquatic organisms (Mouthon and Daufresne 2006;Stewart et al 2013a). For example, historically high summer temperatures (29.5°C max.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) avoids increasing water temperature and intraspecific competition through vertical migration into the hyporheic zone: a mesocosm experiment

et al. 2016

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The saturated interstices below and adjacent to the riverbed (i.e., the hyporheic zone) can be a refuge for biota during low flows, flow cessation and river drying. Prior to complete drying, organisms are constrained by abiotic and biotic factors (e.g., water temperature, competition) and may respond through vertical migration into the hyporheic zone. However, it remains unclear when temperature and competition become harsh enough to trigger migration. Furthermore, potential consequences of using the hyporheic zone, which is often food-limited, on the survival, effects on ecosystem function and physiology of organisms are unknown. We tested the hypotheses that (1) Gammarus pulex, a widespread detritivore, migrates into the hyporheic zone to avoid increasing surface water temperature and intraspecific competition and (2) that these factors would reduce their survival, leaf mass consumption and energy stores. Using 36 mesocosms, three temperature (15, 20, 25°C) and species density levels (low, medium, high) were manipulated in a factorial design over 15 days. Increasing temperature to 25°C and a threefold increase in density both caused G. pulex to vertically migrate, and the interaction of these factors was additive, rather than antagonistic or synergistic. Importantly, survival, leaf consumption and glycogen content were reduced in high temperature and density treatments, suggesting tradeoffs between tolerating harsh surface conditions and limitations of inhabiting the hyporheic zone. Identifying that the hyporheic zone is used by G. pulex to avoid high water temperature and intraspecific competition is a key finding considering the global-scale increases in temperature and flow intermittence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) avoids increasing water temperature and intraspecific competition through vertical migration into the hyporheic zone: a mesocosm experiment

et al. 2016

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“…Studies of riparian vegetation along streams have also shown lower in-stream (Stewart et al 2013) and sediment surface temperatures beneath trees (Steward et al 2011) than in streams with no riparian canopy. Thus, riparian vegetation creates refuges from elevated stream temperatures for aquatic invertebrates (Davies 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fringing trees may provide a refuge from prolonged drying for urban wetland invertebrates

2016

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Climate change is causing prolonged drying in many seasonal wetlands, including urban wetlands, potentially affecting aquatic invertebrates that take refuge in wetland sediment during dry periods and thereby threatening wetland biodiversity. We collected sediment from two habitats: open water (OW) and fringing trees (FT), in eight urban wetlands after seasonal inundation had ended. Both habitats are inundated during winter-spring and dry in summer-autumn. Each sediment sample was divided into subsamples. One set of subsamples were inundated in the laboratory to test the hypothesis that emerging invertebrate assemblages would differ between OW and FT sediments. Another set of subsamples was dried, stored for a year, and inundated to test the hypothesis that prolonged drying would reduce the abundance and taxa richness of emerging invertebrates. The composition of emerging invertebrate assemblages differed between habitats, with more amphibious species found in FT sediment. Invertebrate responses to prolonged drying and storage varied among species: for some, effects depended on habitat type, while others delayed emergence or showed no response. Microcrustacean abundance was unaffected by drying, suggesting that their productivity during refilling may resist drier water regimes. Surface temperatures of dry sediment are cooler beneath FT, and this sediment has higher organic matter, holds more water and is less dense than OW sediment; and FT sediment remained cooler than OW sediment in the laboratory, despite the absence of shading. Fringing trees may therefore provide a refuge for some freshwater invertebrates relying on dormant stages in the sediment to survive drying in urban wetlands.

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“…In the first case, the literature on thermal tolerance is quite restricted and in many cases, clear interpretations cannot be made due to the interference of other factors. A significant contribution to this subject was made by Stewart et al (2013) who provided the following ranking in terms of upper thermal tolerance Ephemeroptera \ Decapoda \ Trichoptera \ Mollusca. In the second case, observations from Canadian and Norwegian streams made by Taylor & Andrushchenko (2014) showed that litter decomposition sometimes proceeds faster in small, cool tributaries than in warm and wide rivers because cold-stenothermal, leaf-shredding invertebrates (e.g., Leuctra sp.)…”

Section: Ecoregional Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stressor gradients hierarchically regulate macrozoobenthic community turnover in lotic systems of Northern Italy

Aschonitis

Feld

Turin³

et al. 2015

Hydrobiologia

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nvironmental stressors present a hierarchical influence on freshwater organisms. This study investigates the hierarchy of environmental stressor gradients, which regulate the composition of instream macroinvertebrate communities of northern Italy (Po Valley and the south-eastern Alps). Species and environmental data were derived from 585 monitoring sites. Environmental parameters were split into three groups, describing (i) ecoregional, (ii) hydromorphological, and (iii) water quality attributes. Partial Redundancy Analysis (partial RDA) was used to hierarchically rank the group effects, which were expressed as unique (group specific) and joint effects (of two groups together). Overall, ecoregion explained more variance (30.2%) than hydromorphology (24.8%) and water quality (22.3%). Unique effects were generally low, but ecoregional unique effects were twice as high as those of the other groups. The analysis of single environmental variables highlighted significant effects of anthropogenic impact related to the substrate size composition, riparian vegetation, flow conditions, and Escherichia coli (surrogate descriptor of organic fecal pollution). Such stressor hierarchies can support biodiversity conservation plans, while the high joint effects of stressor groups suggested the need for combined management activities, addressing the respective stressors and stressor groups in concert. Management measures addressing only one stressor group isolated from others are likely to be less effective, or even ineffective. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Upper thermal tolerances of key taxonomic groups of stream invertebrates

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) avoids increasing water temperature and intraspecific competition through vertical migration into the hyporheic zone: a mesocosm experiment

Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) avoids increasing water temperature and intraspecific competition through vertical migration into the hyporheic zone: a mesocosm experiment

Fringing trees may provide a refuge from prolonged drying for urban wetland invertebrates

Environmental stressor gradients hierarchically regulate macrozoobenthic community turnover in lotic systems of Northern Italy

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