Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles

Harput, Gülcan; Deniz, Hande Güney; Düzgün, İrem

doi:10.21653/tfrd.360019

Cited by 7 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Also, the exercises were all performed in a potential compressive position. The exercise proposed in the current study would potentially avoid subacromial compression due to non-overhead positioning 18,19 , with additional advantages in targeting the lower trapezius muscle excitation concomitant to lower upper trapezius excitation. Such type of exercise would be an option for exercise prescription aiming the success of the therapy 41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such type of exercise would be an option for exercise prescription aiming the success of the therapy 41 . Another study assessed the levels of scapular muscles during scapula retraction exercises at various shoulder abduction angles 18 . The authors reported low levels of upper trapezius excitation (6-18% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction) and moderate middle trapezius recruitment (22-31% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle activation below 20% is considered clinically low, and activity between 20% and 40% is considered clinically moderate 39,42 . An important purpose of the exercises for shoulder rehabilitation is to recruit lower trapezius and rotator cuff muscles with concomitant minimal activity of the upper trapezius, as excessive activity of this last muscle might increase the anterior tilt of the scapulothoracic joint 18,19 , leading to compensations. To our knowledge, there is no report in the literature of an exercise addressing combined higher excitation of the lower trapezius and infraspinatus muscles without increasing the upper trapezius excitation, and potentially minimizing the impact without deteriorating the subacromial space or exacerbating the painful condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is growing evidence of the importance of active exercise therapy in the treatment of shoulder pain 1,3,17 . Optimal exercises for shoulder rehabilitation need to recruit lower trapezius and rotator cuff muscles with concomitant minimal activity of the upper trapezius, as excessive activity of this last muscle might increase the anterior tilt of the scapulothoracic joint 18,19 . Therefore, the shoulder rehabilitation program should include exercises focused on the activation of upward rotators (serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius) while minimizing the activation of the scapular downward rotators (latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids, and the pectoralis major and minor muscles) 20 to increase the subacromial space during the overhead movements of the arm, and implement effective interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scapular Retraction Under Adduction Load: an Alternative to Overhead Exercises to Activate Infraspinatus, Upper and Lower Trapezius in Subjects With and Without Shoulder Pain

Santos

Nagy

Souza

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Exercises for lower trapezius (LT) often use overhead positions, causing compressive forces to the subacromial space. Scapular retraction would be an alternative to activate LT muscle. Electromyography of infraspinatus (IS), upper (UT) and LT was recorded during scapular retraction under progressive adduction loads of 42 participants, divided in 2 groups: with (SP, n=26) and without shoulder pain (nSP, n=16). The adduction loads of 20, 30, 40 and 50% of the maximal voluntary contraction were applied using a load cell. Normalized electromyography and the ratio between UT and LT (UT:LT) were used for statistical analysis. No differences were observed between groups, but a condition effect occurred for all muscles: UT showed higher values at 50% vs. 20% (p=0.004); LT showed higher values on 40% and 50% (p=0.001; 0.006). Higher values for IS were noted at 40% (vs 20%; p=0.04), and at 50% (vs. 20%; p=0.001, vs. 30%, p=0.001; vs. 40%; p=0.001). UT:LT showed lower values at 50% (vs. 20%; p=0.001, and vs. 30%; p=0.016). Scapular retraction with adduction loads at 40-50% is an alternative to overhead exercises aiming to activate the LT and the IS muscles. The exercise ensures higher levels of LT and IS excitation, without increasing UT excitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Scapular Retraction Under Adduction Load: an Alternative to Overhead Exercises to Activate Infraspinatus, Upper and Lower Trapezius in Subjects With and Without Shoulder Pain

Santos

Nagy

Souza

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…This normalization process was performed to determine what percentage of the maximal suprahyoid muscle activations the exercises were activating. The results were recorded as a percentage (18,19).…”

Section: Normalization Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Activation Effects of Three Different Exercises on Suprahyoid Muscles in Healthy Subjects

Kılınç¹,

Yaşaroğlu²,

Arslan³

et al. 2019

Türk Fizyoterapi Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi

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Purpose:The most crucial airway protection mechanism during swallowing is adequate laryngeal elevation. Suprahyoid muscles are responsible for laryngeal elevation. Our study aimed to compare the effects of three different exercises, Shaker, resistance chin tuck (CTAR) exercise, and chin tuck exercise with theraband, on suprahyoid muscles activity responsible for laryngeal elevation.Methods: Forty-two healthy subjects with a mean age of 27.92±5.02 years (18-40 years), of which 50% were male were included. All individuals were divided into three groups with computerized randomization. Surface Electromyography (EMG) evaluation was performed to determine electrical activity of the suprahyoid muscles (geniohyoid, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, thyrohyoid, stylohyoid muscles) during maximal voluntary isometric contraction and during performing CTAR, Shaker exercise and chin tuck with theraband. Normalized suprahyoid muscle activations were calculated as the recorded maximum electrical activity during exercise (mV)/recorded maximum electrical activity during maximum isometric contraction (mV).Results: A statistically significant difference was found between three groups regarding normalized suprahyoid muscle activation (p<0.001). The difference between the three groups was caused by the difference between CTAR and Shaker (p<0.001) and between CTAR and theraband (p=0.040) in favor of CTAR. No difference was found between Shaker and theraband (p=0.104). Conclusion:Primarily CTAR exercise should be included in rehabilitation to increase the suprahyoid muscle activation. In addition, chin tuck exercise with theraband can also be considered as an alternative to CTAR.Amaç: Yutma esnasında en önemli havayolu koruması, yeterli laringeal elevasyondur. Laringeal elevasyondan suprahyoid kaslar sorumludur. Çalışmamızın amacı, üç farklı egzersizin; Shaker, dirençli chin tuck (CTAR) egzersizi ve theraband ile yapılan chin tuck egzersizlerin laringeal elevasyondan sorumlu olan suprahyoid kaslarının aktivasyonu üzerine etkilerini karşılaştırmaktı.Yöntem: Yaş ortalaması 27,92±5,02 yıl (18-40 yıl), % 50'si erkek olmak üzere 42 sağlıklı gönüllü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Maksimum istemli izometrik kontraksiyon ve CTAR, Shaker ve theraband ile chin tuck egzersizleri sırasında suprahyoid kasların elektriksel aktivitelerini belirlemek için yüzeyel elektromyografi (EMG) değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Normalize edilmiş suprahyoid kas aktivasyonları: egzersiz esnasında kaydedilen maksimum elektriksel aktivite (mV)/maksimum izometrik kontraksiyon esnasında kaydedilen maksimum elektriksel aktivite (mV) formülü ile hesaplandı.Sonuçlar: Üç grup arasında normalize edilmiş suprahyoid kas aktivasyonları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p<0,001). Bu farkın CTAR grubu lehine, CTAR ile Shaker (p<0,001) ve CTAR ile Theraband grupları (p=0,040) arasındaki farklardan kaynaklandığı görüldü. Theraband ve Shaker arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı.Tartışma: Suprahyoid kas aktivasyonunu artırmak için CTAR egzersiz...

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Scapular muscle dynamic stiffness of asymptomatic subjects and subjects with chronic shoulder pain, at rest and isometric contraction conditions

Melo,

Montóia,

Cruz

et al. 2024

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Muscle stiffness had a crucial role in joint stability, particularly, at the shoulder complex. Although changes in upper trapezius muscle stiffness have been described for shoulder pain, contradictory findings have been obtained. Also, existing data regarding scapular muscles are, majorly, about trapezius. Myotonometry is a method used to assess stiffness; however, the reliability values of scapular muscle stiffness through this method have not been assessed in shoulder pain conditions. The present study aims to compare scapular muscles’ stiffness (trapezius, serratus anterior, and levator scapulae) between subjects with and without chronic shoulder pain and to evaluate the related test-retest reliability. Twenty-two symptomatic and twenty-two asymptomatic subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. The dynamic muscular stiffness of scapular muscles, at rest and during an isometric contraction, was measured bilaterally with myotonometry, in two moments. The differences in bilateral averaged values between symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects and the effect of the group (group presenting pain in the dominant or non-dominant side, and asymptomatic group) and of the limb (unilateral painful or asymptomatic limb, and bilateral asymptomatic limbs) were investigated. Test-retest intra-rater reliability was determined. An effect of the group was observed at rest, for middle trapezius stiffness, and during contraction, for middle and lower trapezius stiffness. For middle trapezius, increased values were observed in the group presenting pain in non-dominant side comparing to both groups or to group presenting pain in dominant side. The intraclass correlation coefficient, majorly, ranged between 0.775 and 0.989. Participants with pain in the non-dominant side presented an increased middle trapezius’ stiffness. Globally, high reliability was observed for scapular muscles dynamic stiffness.

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Upper to Middle Trapezius Muscle Activation Ratio During Scapular Retraction Exercise at Different Shoulder Abduction Angles

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Scapular Retraction Under Adduction Load: an Alternative to Overhead Exercises to Activate Infraspinatus, Upper and Lower Trapezius in Subjects With and Without Shoulder Pain

Scapular Retraction Under Adduction Load: an Alternative to Overhead Exercises to Activate Infraspinatus, Upper and Lower Trapezius in Subjects With and Without Shoulder Pain

A Comparison of Activation Effects of Three Different Exercises on Suprahyoid Muscles in Healthy Subjects

Scapular muscle dynamic stiffness of asymptomatic subjects and subjects with chronic shoulder pain, at rest and isometric contraction conditions

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