Upregulation of epithelial metallothioneins by metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter from an underground railway

Loxham, Matthew; Woo, Jeongmin; Singhania, Akul; Smithers, Natalie P.; Yeomans, Alison; Packham, Graham; Crainic, Alina M; Cook, Richard; Cassee, Flemming R.; Woelk, Christopher H.; Davies, Donna E.

doi:10.1039/d0mt00014k

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Metallothionein functions are related to the homeostasis of essential metal ions (Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ ) through metal binding with thiol functions and as a radical scavenger when these thiols functions are oxidised (Krezel and Maret 2017 ). The upregulation of metallothionein has been shown following exposure of epithelial cells to the ultrafine fraction from underground railways (Loxham et al 2020 ). The observed negative associations between Cu in PM 10 and MDA EBC (Table 3 ) and Zn in PM 10 and MDA urine (Table 4 ) could be in line with such a protective action of both elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal and oxidative potential exposure through particle inhalation and oxidative stress biomarkers: a 2-week pilot prospective study among Parisian subway workers

Sauvain,

Hemmendinger,

Charreau

et al. 2024

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Objective In this pilot study on subway workers, we explored the relationships between particle exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and urine to identify the most relevant biomarkers for a large-scale study in this field. Methods We constructed a comprehensive occupational exposure assessment among subway workers in three distinct jobs over 10 working days, measuring daily concentrations of particulate matter (PM), their metal content and oxidative potential (OP). Individual pre- and post-shift EBC and urine samples were collected daily. Three oxidative stress biomarkers were measured in these matrices: malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostane. The association between each effect biomarker and exposure variables was estimated by multivariable multilevel mixed-effect models with and without lag times. Results The OP was positively associated with Fe and Mn, but not associated with any effect biomarkers. Concentration changes of effect biomarkers in EBC and urine were associated with transition metals in PM (Cu and Zn) and furthermore with specific metals in EBC (Ba, Co, Cr and Mn) and in urine (Ba, Cu, Co, Mo, Ni, Ti and Zn). The direction of these associations was both metal- and time-dependent. Associations between Cu or Zn and MDAEBC generally reached statistical significance after a delayed time of 12 or 24 h after exposure. Changes in metal concentrations in EBC and urine were associated with MDA and 8-OHdG concentrations the same day. Conclusion Associations between MDA in both EBC and urine gave opposite response for subway particles containing Zn versus Cu. This diverting Zn and Cu pattern was also observed for 8-OHdG and urinary concentrations of these two metals. Overall, MDA and 8-OHdG responses were sensitive for same-day metal exposures in both matrices. We recommend MDA and 8-OHdG in large field studies to account for oxidative stress originating from metals in inhaled particulate matter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal and oxidative potential exposure through particle inhalation and oxidative stress biomarkers: a 2-week pilot prospective study among Parisian subway workers

Sauvain,

Hemmendinger,

Charreau

et al. 2024

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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“…Ultrafine particles (UFP) are the strongest contributor to subway pollution when the particle number concentration is used as the exposure metric [ 22 ]. Because of this size distribution and a highly ferruginous composition, along with the presence of trace metals (Mg, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, and Pb) [ 23 , 24 ], subway PM generates more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative-stress-related outcomes compared to other PM [ 18 , 25 ]. A comprehensive assessment of individual exposure to subway PM, particularly the finest size fractions, is urgently warranted in order to identify the sources and factors that contribute to high PM levels in individual subway stations and lines [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Real-Time Comparison of Four Particulate Matter Size Fractions in the Personal Breathing Zone of Paris Subway Workers: A Six-Week Prospective Study

et al. 2022

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We developed a Bayesian spline model for real-time mass concentrations of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PM1, and PM0.3) measured simultaneously in the personal breathing zone of Parisian subway workers. The measurements were performed by GRIMM, a gravimetric method, and DiSCmini during the workers’ work shifts over two consecutive weeks. The measured PM concentrations were analyzed with respect to the working environment, the underground station, and any specific events that occurred during the work shift. Overall, PM0.3 concentrations were more than an order of magnitude lower compared to the other PM concentrations and showed the highest temporal variation. The PM2.5 levels raised the highest exposure concern: 15 stations out of 37 had higher mass concentrations compared to the reference. Station PM levels were not correlated with the annual number of passengers entering the station, the year of station opening or renovation, or the number of platforms and tracks. The correlation with the number of station entrances was consistently negative for all PM sizes, whereas the number of correspondence concourses was negatively correlated with PM0.3 and PM10 levels and positively correlated with PM1 and PM2.5 levels. The highest PM10 exposure was observed for the station platform, followed by the subway cabin and train, while ticket counters had the highest PM0.3, PM1, and PM2.5 mass concentrations. We further found that compared to gravimetric and DiSCmini measurements, GRIMM results showed some discrepancies, with an underestimation of exposure levels. Therefore, we suggest using GRIMM, calibrated by gravimetric methods, for PM sizes above 1μm, and DiSCmini for sizes below 700 nm.

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Application of the Bayesian spline method to analyze real-time measurements of ultrafine particle concentration in the Parisian subway

Petremand

Wild

Crézé

et al. 2021

Environment International

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Upregulation of epithelial metallothioneins by metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter from an underground railway

Abstract: Metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter (<0.1 μm diameter) from an underground railway induces a significant time-dependent upregulation of a battery of metallothionein genes in exposed mucociliary cultures of primary bronchial epithelial cells.

Cited by 6 publications

References 69 publications

Metal and oxidative potential exposure through particle inhalation and oxidative stress biomarkers: a 2-week pilot prospective study among Parisian subway workers

Metal and oxidative potential exposure through particle inhalation and oxidative stress biomarkers: a 2-week pilot prospective study among Parisian subway workers

A Real-Time Comparison of Four Particulate Matter Size Fractions in the Personal Breathing Zone of Paris Subway Workers: A Six-Week Prospective Study

Application of the Bayesian spline method to analyze real-time measurements of ultrafine particle concentration in the Parisian subway

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