Upregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in ganglioglioma

Abstract

A b s t r a c t Ganglioglioma (GG) is a low-grade neoplasm

Ganglion cell tumours in the sella turcica in close morphological connection with pituitary adenomas

“…The regulation of mTOR activity was implicated in the treatment of malignant pituitary adenomas and carcinomas [31,41]. Recently, the upregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase has also been reported in gangliogliomas [37]. Moreover, when the methylation status of O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was examined in pituitary adenomas, the degree of MGMT expression appeared to be related to therapeutic responses to temozolomide [1,24,26].…”

Cerebellar Ganglioglioma in Childhood: Histopathologic Implications for Management During Long-term Survival: A Case Report

“…2,6 This suggests that the pathological mechanism of childhood cerebellar GC is distinct from that in adult LDD. As in LDD, the mTOR pathway is activated in GG, 9,10 as well as in low-or high-grade gliomas, in childhood. 11 PTEN gene methylation (inactivation) due to an unknown mechanism, accompanied by activation of the mTOR pathway, is linked to lower survival in cases of glioma.…”

Erk activation as a possible mechanism of transformation of subependymal nodule into subependymal giant cell astrocytoma

“…Due to the fact that mTOR gathers signals associated with cellular well-being, such as the level of oxygen, nutrient availability or energy reserves, inhibiting cell proliferation if deficiency of any of these is detected, it is often a target of neoplastic transformation. Disturbances of pathways converging on mTOR are found in many epithelial tumors, including many CNS tumors of childhood [8,13].…”