Upregulation of the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex can Alter the Perception of Emotions: fMRI-Based Neurofeedback at 3 and 7 T

Gröne, M.; Dyck, Miriam; Koush, Yury; Bergert, Susanne; Mathiak, Klaus; Alawi, Eliza M.; Elliott, Mark A.

doi:10.1007/s10548-014-0384-4

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The current findings hence suggest that localizer performance affects different aspects of self-regulation performance in different ways, with the optimal localizer performance depending very much on study objectives. Future studies might also consider re-adjusting the MaxPSC online for up-regulation tasks [47,48], in order to maximize task coherence between participants and sessions. Furthermore, attention should also be paid to verifying that variations in MaxPSC are not confounded with other factors of the experimental design.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time fMRI-based self-regulation of brain activation across different visual feedback presentations

Krause

Benjamins

Lührs

et al. 2017

Brain-Computer Interfaces

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The current study is a first exploration of real-time self-regulation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation based on several different visual neurofeedback presentations. Six healthy participants were engaged in self-regulation of regional fMRI activation in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), by performing a mental calculation task. In different MR sessions, feedback was presented in the form of either a thermometer display (in vertical orientation), a circle display (increasing or decreasing in physical size), or a numbers display (Arabic digits). While self-regulation levels did differ between individuals, all six participants were able to significantly up-regulate their PPC activation with all three neurofeedback presentations. In addition to a successful general up-regulation, five out of six participants were furthermore capable of gradual self-regulation to multiple intensity levels. Taken together, the current study is a proof-of-concept demonstration of the feasibility of using multiple visual feedback presentations during gradual self-regulation of regional fMRI activation. Implications for future neurofeedback research and applications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time fMRI-based self-regulation of brain activation across different visual feedback presentations

Krause

Benjamins

Lührs

et al. 2017

Brain-Computer Interfaces

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“…Whereas EEG-nf requires many sessions to alter electrical activity, with rtfMRI-nf individuals can selectively modify fMRI BOLD signal within 30 minutes of training and sometimes even sooner (Brühl et al, 2014;Canterberry et al, 2013;Greer, Trujillo, Glover, & Knutson, 2014;Gröne et al, 2015;Hui, Zhang, Ge, Yao, & Long, 2014;Lawrence et al, 2014;Paret et al, 2014;. This striking difference between EEG-nf and rtfMRI-nf deserves further discussion.…”

Section: Fmrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we have discussed, however, the influence of neurofeedback on behavior remains largely indeterminate. Functional connectivity now pervades the neurofeedback literature as multi-modal imaging approaches the fore (Zotev, Phillips, Yuan, et al, 2013) and higher magnetic fields (e.g., MRI scanners operating at seven Tesla) rekindle enthusiasm amongst researchers (Gröne et al, 2015). Scientists are beginning to unravel how feedback training rearranges neural circuits; they may even begin to elucidate the feasibility of concurrent regulation over multiple distinct brain signals.…”

Section: Future Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, multiple experiments train down-regulation of the ACC to mitigate pain (deCharms et al, 2005;Guan et al, 2015) or inhibit cigarette cravings (Canterberry et al, 2013;Li et al, 2012), while others encourage ACC activity to heighten valence ratings (Gröne et al, 2015) or limit the effects of cognitive interference (Mathiak et al, 2010). Thus, researchers are already training regulation in opposite directions, but shy away from directly comparing the behavioral effects of up-versus down-regulation using a specific pattern of brain activity.…”

Section: Future Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The self-regulating brain and neurofeedback: Experimental science and clinical promise

Thibault

Lifshitz

Raz

2016

Cortex

216

198

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Neurofeedback, one of the primary examples of self-regulation, designates a collection of techniques that train the brain and help to improve its function. Since coming on the scene in the 1960s, electroencephalography-neurofeedback has become a treatment vehicle for a host of mental disorders; however, its clinical effectiveness remains controversial. Modern imaging technologies of the living human brain (e.g., real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging) and increasingly rigorous research protocols that utilize such methodologies begin to shed light on the underlying mechanisms that may facilitate more effective clinical applications. In this paper we focus on recent technological advances in the field of human brain imaging and discuss how these modern methods may influence the field of neurofeedback. Toward this end, we outline the state of the evidence and sketch out future directions to further explore the potential merits of this contentious therapeutic prospect.

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“…The uses of NF are diverse, ranging across a variety of motor and sensory tasks (1)(2)(3)(4), investigation of cortical plasticity and attention (5)(6)(7)(8)(9), to treatment of chronic pain, depression, and mood control (10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Covert neurofeedback without awareness shapes cortical network spontaneous connectivity

Ramot

Grossman

Friedman

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

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Recent advances in blood oxygen level-dependent-functional MRI (BOLD-fMRI)-based neurofeedback reveal that participants can modulate neuronal properties. However, it is unknown whether such training effects can be introduced in the absence of participants' awareness that they are being trained. Here, we show unconscious neurofeedback training, which consequently produced changes in functional connectivity, introduced in participants who received positive and negative rewards that were covertly coupled to activity in two category-selective visual cortex regions. The results indicate that brain networks can be modified even in the complete absence of intention and awareness of the learning situation, raising intriguing possibilities for clinical interventions.neurofeedback | training | reward | spontaneous activity | functional connectivity T here has been a growing interest in the field of neuroscience in the use of neurofeedback (NF) as a tool to both study and treat various clinical conditions. The uses of NF are diverse, ranging across a variety of motor and sensory tasks (1-4), investigation of cortical plasticity and attention (5-9), to treatment of chronic pain, depression, and mood control (10-13).Recent advances in functional MRI (fMRI) techniques and hardware have made real-time fMRI (rtfMRI) a viable method for NF (14). This enables more anatomically specific training compared with methods such as EEG. This enhanced localization additionally allows to provide feedback to differential activation patterns (6, 15, 16), beyond simple up/down-regulation of a specific region/frequency.Another advance in the field of NF is the finding by several recent studies that participants are able to learn to successfully perform the NF paradigm, even without being given an explicit strategy (8,16). This form of implicit learning is intriguing, both because there have been reports indicating certain advantages to implicit over explicit learning (17,18), but mostly because this opens up previously unidentified pathways for therapeutic intervention, for cases for which there are no specific explicit strategies available (for instance, control over complex networks, such as in epilepsy, or over brain regions whose function is not fully elucidated).However, an important common factor in all previous NF studies was the fact that participants were aware that they were being trained, and received specific goals for this training. A fundamental question that therefore remains unanswered is whether targeted brain networks can still be modulated even in the complete absence of participants' awareness that a training process is taking place. Theories of closed-loop learning provide evidence that such implicit learning through reward cues is possible (19,20). This is an important issue, because it may open the way for NF training even in severe clinical cases such as minimally conscious or vegetative state, where such awareness is absent.In the present study, we examined this question in fMRI experiments in which participants were i...

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Upregulation of the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex can Alter the Perception of Emotions: fMRI-Based Neurofeedback at 3 and 7 T

Cited by 46 publications

References 57 publications

Real-time fMRI-based self-regulation of brain activation across different visual feedback presentations

Real-time fMRI-based self-regulation of brain activation across different visual feedback presentations

The self-regulating brain and neurofeedback: Experimental science and clinical promise

Covert neurofeedback without awareness shapes cortical network spontaneous connectivity

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